Factors In Emergence of New Sleeping Sickness Foci In Uganda

总结： 乌干达是非洲唯一一个两种形式的人类非洲人 存在锥虫病（HAT）;西北部存在慢性冈比亚病， 东南部的急性罗得西亚病HAT最近从 传统的焦点在东南部的新领土在乌干达中部，以前 最近有报道称，两种疾病可能合并 乌干达中部的隔离带将造成重大的公共卫生危机， 与这两种疾病相关的诊断和治疗。FIRCA将 调查导致中区疫源地近期扩大的因素 乌干达，以便能够实施有效的控制方法。拟议的研究 建立在父母补助金（NIAID R 01 Al 068932）的调查结果的基础上， 分子生态学和进化遗传学方面的Glossina f. fuscipes（Gff）in the 罗得西亚和冈比亚疫源地。家长补助金结果有 表明西北部冈比亚疫源地的采采蝇种群在遗传上 与东南部的罗得西亚病灶高度分化。在这里我们将调查 Gff蝇类是否从历史HAT疫源地存在的东南部地区扩展， 传播罗得西亚病，现在出现在乌干达中部。此外，我们将 调查是否存在第二种媒介物种，Glossina pallidipes， 通过增强动物的免疫力， HAT水库。这项调查的结果将立即与 正在乌干达进行的病媒控制项目。这一提议也将产生重大影响。 HAT流行病学理论和实验方法的能力建设， 位于乌干达托罗罗的国家牲畜资源研究所， 将被执行。

Summary: Uganda is the only country in Africa where both forms of the Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) disease exist; chronic gambiense disease in the northwest and acute rhodesiense disease in the southeast. Recent expansions of HAT from the traditional foci in the southeast to new territories in central Uganda, which previously were disease-free, have recently been reported. Possible merger of the two disease belts in central Uganda would create a major public health crisis given the differences in diagnostics and treatment associated with the two forms of disease. This FIRCA will investigate the factors contributing to the recent expansion of disease foci in central Uganda so that effective control methods can be implemented. The proposed studies build on the findings of the Parent Grant (NIAID R01Al068932), which addresses the molecular ecology and evolutionary genetics aspect of Glossina f. fuscipes (Gff) in the rhodesiense and gambiense foci in Uganda, respectively. Parent grant results have shown that tsetse populations in the gambiense foci in the northwest are genetically highly differentiated from the rhodesiense foci in the SE. Here we will investigate whether Gff flies expanding from southeast areas, where historical HAT foci exist, transmit rhodesiense disease now emerging in central Uganda. In addition, we will investigate whether the presence of a second vector species, Glossina pallidipes, may be fueling the maintenance of rhodesiense epidemics by enhancing the animal reservoirs of HAT. Results from this investigation will immediately be relevant for the ongoing vector control program in Uganda. This proposal will also result in significant capacity building both in theory and experimental methods on HAT epidemiology at National Livestock Resources Institute in Tororo Uganda, where the majority of the work will be performed.