Shared Vulnerabilities of Social Anxiety and Eating Disorders

项目总结/摘要 社交焦虑障碍（SAD）和进食障碍（ED）是常见的使人衰弱的疾病，具有高度共病性[7-14]。合并症的概念化表明，可能存在潜在的遗传和环境脆弱性，这些脆弱性会造成多种疾病的风险[1-4]。对SAD和ED共同脆弱性的研究表明，对负面评价的恐惧可能是一个共同的潜在风险因素[29-31]。然而，对SAD和ED的负面评价恐惧的发展以及这两种疾病共同的潜在遗传脆弱性知之甚少。因此，本提案的目的是研究这些疾病的共同环境和遗传脆弱性，并开发一种新的模型，其中害怕负面评价和害怕对一个人的外表或社交外表焦虑的负面评价，有助于SAD和ED。目前的项目提出了三项研究来实现这些目标。在研究1中，我们将使用双胞胎档案数据集测试SAD和ED之间的共享遗传风险。在研究2中，对负面评价的恐惧和社交外表焦虑对社交焦虑和饮食失调的贡献将在六个月内使用具有强大心理测量特性的社交焦虑和饮食失调的措施进行纵向测试。在研究3中，负面评价的恐惧和社交外表焦虑将被实验启动使用修改的言语任务。饮食行为、状态社交焦虑和皮肤电反应将作为依赖性结果进行测量。这个实验将测试是否环境触发的恐惧负面评价和社交外观焦虑导致饮食和社交焦虑的结果。这些研究的整合将为未来的研究提供技能，以测试从基因到自我报告特征和行为的脆弱性模型。这些研究和未来潜在研究的结果可能会导致在相同的治疗方案中创建解决SAD和ED的遗传和环境脆弱性的治疗方法。

Project Summary/ Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and eating disorders (EDs) are common and debilitating disorders that are highly comorbid[7-14]. Conceptualizations of comorbidity suggest that there may be underlying genetic and environmental vulnerabilities that create risk for multiple disorders[1-4]. Research on the shared vulnerabilities of SAD and EDs suggest that fear of negative evaluation may be a common underlying risk factor[29-31]. However, relatively little is known about the development of fear of negative evaluation into SAD and EDs and the underlying genetic vulnerabilities common to both disorders. Thus, the aims of this proposal are to examine the shared environmental and genetic vulnerabilities of these disorders and to develop a new model in which fear of negative evaluation and fear of negative evaluation of one¿s appearance, or social appearance anxiety, contribute to both SAD and EDs. The current project proposes three studies to address these aims. In Study 1 we will test for shared genetic risk between SAD and EDs using an archival data set of twin pairs. In Study 2 the contribution of fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety on social anxiety and disordered eating will be tested longitudinally over six months using measures of social anxiety and disordered eating with strong psychometric properties. In Study 3 fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety will be experimentally primed using a modified speech task. Eating behaviors, state social anxiety, and galvanic skin response will be measured as dependent outcomes. This experiment will test whether an environmental trigger of fear of negative evaluation and social appearance anxiety cause eating and social anxiety outcomes. The integration of these studies will provide the skills for future research that tests a model of vulnerability spanning from genes to self-report of traits and behavior. Results from these studies and from future potential research may lead to the creation of treatments that address genetic and environmental vulnerabilities of both SAD and EDs in the same treatment protocol.