Neurochemical and functional neuroimaging of negative and positive valence systems in binge eating

 描述(由申请者提供)：为了实现建立一个强大的、独立的研究计划来检查饮食失调的生物学基础的长期目标，这个K23职业发展奖将通过指导、教学教育和实践实施利用这些技能的研究项目来提供新方法和数据分析方法的培训。暴食是暴食障碍、暴食症的主要症状 神经性厌食症和神经性厌食症--暴饮暴食/排泄型--与精神疾病和心理社会功能受损有关的疾病。暴饮暴食的个体之间存在很大的异质性，这可能会降低治疗效果。对于一些患者来说，暴饮暴食之前会有负面情绪的报道，因此被认为是为了努力调节情绪而寻求奖励。然而，人们对暴饮暴食的人的基本情绪调节知之甚少，也不知道情绪过程与奖励功能之间的关系。这项拟议的研究将利用已建立的范式来检验暴饮暴食的女性对急性威胁反应的内隐调节(在完成情绪冲突任务期间使用功能磁共振成像)。这项研究还将使用功能磁共振成像和多巴胺受体可用性来测量静息状态的功能连接，以检查情绪和暴饮暴食的差异如何与潜在的大脑连接和与接近动机相关的神经化学功能相关。这些数据将被用来区分暴饮者的亚型，这些暴食者通过情绪途径或以奖励为重点的途径参与暴食。这些发现将提高我们对调控对急性威胁的反应的能力如何在一些暴饮者中发挥不同作用的理解，并使他们面临预后不良的风险。这可能为通过计算机任务或生物反馈以潜在神经过程为目标的干预提供新的方向。除了提供关于暴食者在潜在情绪调节、连接性和多巴胺功能方面的个体差异的初步数据外，该奖项还将提供广泛的方法培训，包括先进的fMRI分析和PET成像、统计学以及在饮食失调背景下研究情绪的方法。获奖期间的具体培训目标包括：(1)掌握先进的神经成像技术，如静息状态连通性，以更好地了解饮食失调情绪调节困难的生物学基础；(2)发展情绪及其调节的标准化测量方面的专长；(3)通过在我的技能套装中增加PET成像技术，扩大神经成像方面的培训；(4)提高进行多模、多水平统计建模以分析复杂数据集的能力。为了实现这些目标，已经确定了适当的研讨会、科学会议和课程，以及在应用研究项目过程中由具有饮食失调、神经成像、情感、方法论、统计学和职业发展专业知识的导师和顾问组成的团队进行指导的具体计划。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In order to achieve the long-term goal of establishing a strong, independent research program examining the biological bases of eating disorders, this K23 Career Development Award will provide training in new methodology and data analysis methods through mentorship, didactic education, and hands-on implementation of a research project utilizing these skills. Binge eating is a primary symptom in binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia nervosa - binge/purge type, disorders that are associated with comorbid psychiatric conditions and impaired psychosocial functioning. There is a great deal of heterogeneity among individuals engaging in binge eating, which can diminish treatment efficacy. For some patients, binge eating episodes are preceded by reports of negative affect, and thus thought of as reward-seeking in effort to regulate emotion. However, little is known about basic underlying emotion regulation in individuals who engage in binge eating, nor about the relation between emotional processes and reward function. The proposed study will utilize an established paradigm to examine implicit regulation of response to acute threat (using fMRI during completion of an emotion conflict task) in women who engage in binge eating. The study will also measure resting state functional connectivity using fMRI and dopamine receptor availability in order to examine how differences in emotion and binge eating may relate to underlying brain connection and neurochemical function related to approach motivation. These data will be utilized to differentiate subtypes of binge eaters who engage in binge eating either through emotional or reward-focused pathways. Findings will improve our understanding of how ability to regulate response to acute threat may function differently in some binge eaters and put them at risk for poor prognosis. This may suggest new directions for interventions that target underlying neural processes via computer tasks or biofeedback. In addition to providing preliminary data on individual differences in underlying emotion regulation, connectivity, and dopamine function among binge eaters, the award will provide extensive training in methods, including advanced fMRI analysis and PET imaging, statistics, and approaches to studying emotion in the context of eating disorders. The specific training goals for the duration of the award include (1) achieving competence in advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as resting-state connectivity, to better understand the biological basis for emotion regulation difficulties in eating disorders; (2) developing expertise in standardized measures of of emotion and its regulation; (3) expanding training in neuroimaging by adding PET imaging to my skillset; and (4) increasing ability to conduct multi-modal, multi-level statistical modeling to analyze complex datasets. To achieve these goals, appropriate seminars, scientific conferences, and courses have been identified, as well as specific plans for mentorship over the course of the applied research project by a team of mentors and consultants with expertise in eating disorders, neuroimaging, emotion, methodology, statistics, and career development.