Men's Migration and Women's HIV/AIDS Risks in Mozambique

描述（由申请人提供）：这一探索性项目将有助于更好地了解撒哈拉以南非洲已婚男子从农村地区移徙与其妻子面临艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险之间的联系。移徙通常被认为是艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播的一个重要因素，但大多数注意力都集中在城市和其他目的地地区的移徙者，主要是男子的艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险上。相对而言，关于移徙者留在农村地区的妻子以及她们面临感染风险的系统信息和关于丈夫没有移徙的妇女的预防信息相对较少。移徙可能直接影响妇女对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的看法和风险-通过她们与移徙丈夫的关系。然而，移徙也可能间接影响妇女的艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识和风险暴露-通过改变她们的婚姻关系，改变她们的社会和经济限制和机会，以及重新配置她们的社会和性网络。这些变化可能会鼓励和/或促进妇女的婚外伙伴关系，但同时，可能会使她们更有能力避免与婚内和婚外伙伴发生危险的性行为。在探讨这些复杂的直接和间接影响时，拟议的项目将测试农村妇女艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险和预防的新概念模式，并评估收集和分析相互补充的定量和定性数据的研究设计的可行性。该项目将在莫桑比克南部进行，该地区劳动力外流率高，艾滋病毒流行率上升。具体而言，该项目将：调查男子移徙对其婚姻及其妻子的经济安全、社会自主和社交网络的影响;比较移徙男子和非移徙男子的妻子对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的认识和风险观念;比较移徙男子和非移徙男子的妻子对艾滋病毒感染风险的暴露程度和预防做法。为了实现其目标，该项目将包括一个数量和质量方法的互补组合：对四个农村地区的已婚妇女和妇女进行代表性调查，并对调查答卷人的子样本进行一系列深入访谈。这项研究的结果将增进我们对撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行的社会因素的了解。它们还将为旨在减少非洲农村妇女艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的干预措施提供宝贵信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This exploratory project will help to better understand the links between married men's migration from rural areas and the exposure of their wives to HIV/AIDS risks in sub-Saharan Africa. Migration is commonly implicated as an important factor in the spread of HIV/AIDS, but most attention has been focused on the HIV/AIDS risks of migrants, primarily men, in cities and other destination areas. Relatively little systematic information exists about migrants' wives remaining in rural areas and their exposure to both infection risks and information on prevention relative to women whose husbands do not migrate. Migration may affect women's HIV/AIDS views and risks directly-through their relationships with their migrant husbands. Yet, migration may also affect women's HIV/AIDS knowledge and risk exposure indirectly-by transforming their marital unions, altering their social and economic constraints and opportunities, and reconfiguring their social and sexual networks. These changes may encourage and/or facilitate women's extramarital partnerships, but at the same time, may give them greater ability to avoid risky sex with both their marital and extramarital partners. In exploring these complex direct and indirect effects, the proposed project will test a novel conceptual model of rural women's HIV/AIDS risks and prevention and assess the feasibility of a study design involving collection and analysis of mutually complementary quantitative and qualitative data. The project will be conducted in the south of Mozambique, an area with high levels of labor out-migration and rising HIV prevalence. Specifically, the project will: investigate the effects of men's migration on their marital unions and on their wives' economic security, social autonomy, and social networks; compare wives of migrant and non-migrant men with respect to HIV/AIDS awareness and risk perceptions; and compare wives of migrant and non-migrant men with respect to exposure to HIV infection risks and practice of prevention. To achieve its aims, the project will include a complementary mix of quantitative and qualitative methods: a representative survey of married and women in four rural districts and a series of in-depth interviews with a subsample of survey respondents. The results of this research will advance our knowledge of the social factors shaping the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. They will also provide invaluable information for interventions aimed at reducing HIV/AIDS risks among rural African women.