Neural Mechanisms Underlying MBSR in Socially Phobic Individuals

描述(由申请人提供)：这项建议的总体目标是确定与基于正念的压力减轻(MBSR)相关的潜在变化的神经机制。临床研究表明，MBSR减少了心理痛苦，增加了幸福感，但这些变化背后的机制尚未得到很好的描述。基础研究检查了情绪和情绪调节的神经基础，但这项研究没有检查MBSR后的变化。为了整合临床和基础研究文献，我们采用了一个翻译框架， 根据腹侧情绪产生脑区和背侧情绪调节脑区之间的相互作用，描述了MBSR对情绪调节的影响。在这个框架内，我们建议比较MBSR和主动控制条件(ACC)对患有广泛性社交恐惧症(SP)的参与者的影响。SP将被随机分配到MBSR或ACC，并在MBSR和ACC前后使用自我报告清单和功能磁共振成像(FMRI)进行评估。目的1研究MBSR对焦虑和幸福感的影响。对于MBSR参与者，我们预计与干预前相比，干预后立即和3个月随访时的焦虑显著降低，而幸福感显著增加。对于ACC参与者，我们预计从干预前到干预后焦虑或幸福感没有变化。目的研究MBSR对注意和认知情绪调节的影响。我们预计 MBSR参与者的注意力调节(MBSR的重点)有所改善，但认知调节(不是MBSR的重点)从干预前到干预后没有变化，这表明：(A)负面情绪评级更大地下降，(B)腹侧情绪生成大脑区域的更大减少，以及(C)与注意力相关的背部情绪调节大脑区域的更大增加。我们预计行政协调会参与者不会在行政协调会之前和之后的任何一种监管形式上出现变化。目的3研究注意情绪调节的MBSR相关改变是否在治疗后和3个月随访中介导MBSR治疗反应(焦虑减少和幸福感增加)。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this proposal is to identify the neural mechanisms underlying changes associated with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR). Clinical research has shown that MBSR reduces psychological distress and increases well-being, but the mechanisms underlying these changes in not well described. Basic research has examined the neural bases of emotion and emotion regulation, but this research has not examined changes following MBSR. To integrate clinical and basic research literatures, we employ a translational framework that characterizes the impact of MBSR on emotion regulation in terms of interactions between ventral emotion-generative brain regions and dorsal emotion-regulatory brain regions. Within this framework, we propose to compare the effects of MBSR and an active control condition (ACC) in participants with generalized social phobia (SP). SP will be randomly assigned to MBSR or ACC and assessed using self-report inventories and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after MBSR and the ACC. Three aims will be investigated: Aim 1 investigates the effects of MBSR on anxiety and well-being. For the MBSR participants, we expect significant (a) decreases in anxiety, and (b) increases in well-being at immediately post-intervention and at the 3-month follow-up compared to pre-intervention. For the ACC participants, we expect no change in anxiety or well-being from pre- to post-intervention. Aim 2 investigates the effects of MBSR on attentional and cognitive emotion regulation. We expect MBSR participants to show improvements in attentional regulation (the focus of MBSR), but no change in cognitive regulation (not the focus of MBSR) from pre- to post-intervention, as indicated by (a) greater reductions in negative emotion ratings, (b) greater reductions in ventral emotion-generative brain regions, as well as (c) greater increases in attention-related dorsal emotion-regulatory brain regions. We do not expect ACC participants to show changes in either form of regulation from pre- to post-ACC. Aim 3 investigates whether MBSR-related changes in attentional emotion regulation mediate MBSR treatment response (decreases in anxiety and increases in well-being) at post-treatment and at the 3-month follow-up.