WHITE BLOOD CELLS, EXERCISE, AND CHILDREN: INITIAL MECHANISMS

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 了解围产期和新生儿早期身体成分的动态变化是一个多世纪以来新生儿研究的主要焦点。在人类生命中的任何时候，生长的能量消耗都没有如此之大，新组织的发育过程也从未如此之快。如果我们想要深入了解辅助运动等干预措施如何影响早产儿身体组成的机制，身体成分和能量消耗的测量是必不可少的。由于涉及技术、伦理和可行性因素的许多原因，准确测量身体成分和能量消耗在该领域仍然是一个单一的挑战(1)，可用于这些重要生长指标的医疗设备在新生儿的情况下是有限的。目前的技术包括：人体测量、全身电导、示踪剂稀释、全身钾、生物电阻抗、磁共振成像和光谱分析、声体积描记术、空气置换、双能X射线吸收法(DEXA)、定量超声(QUS)以及骨骼肌和脂肪块的局部超声(2-8)。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Understanding the dynamic changes in body composition in the perinatal and early neonatal period has been a major of focus of neonatal research for over a century. At no time in the life of humans is energy expenditure for growth so large and the process of new tissue development so rapid. Measurements of body composition and energy expenditure are essential if we are to gain insights into the mechanisms of how interventions like assisted exercise influence body composition in premature babies. For many reasons involving technical, ethical, and feasibility factors, making accurate measurements of both body composition and energy expenditure has remained a singular challenge in this field (1), and the armamentarium available for these important indexes of growth are limited in the context of the newborn. Current techniques include: anthropometry, total body electrical conductance, tracer dilution, total body potassium, bioelectrical impedance, magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, acoustic plethysmography, air displacement, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), Quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and regional ultrasonography of skeletal muscle and fat mass (2-8).