High Risk Drinking in Emerging Adult at Risk Women

描述(由申请人提供)：当前研究的广泛、长期目标是减少新出现的成年女性高危亚群中问题饮酒的流行率和相关伤害。先前的研究已经证实，特定的青年亚群危险饮酒的风险更高；这种差异在年轻的女同性恋和双性恋女性中尤为显著。这项拟议的研究旨在评估年轻女性危险饮酒的风险和保护因素，重点关注自我用药和社会影响。尽管关于高危女性饮酒行为的相对流行率已知得更多，但很少有研究考察这一人群特有的饮酒风险因素或保护因素。此外，很少有研究考察年轻高危女性饮酒的可能中介和调节因素，特别是利用纵向或事件水平方法的研究。这些方法对于减少回忆扭曲、充分检查变量之间的时间关系以及了解危险饮酒随时间的发展至关重要。本研究的目的是测试自我用药和应对动机的作用，以及社会影响和身份突显在预测年轻高危女性(18-25岁)饮酒行为中的作用。我们将研究这些行为如何随着时间的推移而变化，还将进行一项较小的探索性研究，以检查饮酒事件级别的女性饮酒情况。为了实现这一目标，这项研究将包括900名通过在线网络社区和广告招募的妇女。将对危险饮酒和拟议的饮酒调解人和调解人进行为期三年的年度评估。一个由100名每周至少饮酒两次的女性组成的小组将每年完成为期两周的每日测量，以检查每日水平的风险因素和饮酒行为。具体目标是：1)测试高风险饮酒的自我用药模型，在该模型中，研究随着时间的推移与危险饮酒有关的压力源、心理困扰和饮酒应对；2)测试高风险饮酒的社会影响模型，其中检查与随着时间推移的危险饮酒有关的社会影响、社会规范、社会动机和身份突显；3)在预测日常饮酒行为时，检查事件水平的人内压力、心理困扰、社会背景的协变性和特定情况下的饮酒规范之间的关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad, long-term objective of the current research is to reduce the prevalence of problem drinking and related harm in at-risk subgroups of emerging adult women. Prior research has established that specific subgroups of youth are at elevated risk for hazardous drinking; this disparity is particularly striking for young lesbian and bisexual women. The proposed research aims to evaluate risk and protective factors for hazardous drinking in young women, focusing on both self-medication and social influences. Although more is known regarding the relative prevalence of drinking behaviors in at-risk women, there is little research examining risk factors or protective factors for drinking that are specific to this population. Furthermore, few studies have examined possible mediators and moderators of drinking in young at-risk women, especially studies utilizing longitudinal or event-level methodologies. These methodologies are critical in order to reduce recall distortion, adequately examine temporal relationships between variables, and understand the development of hazardous drinking over time. The purpose of the present application is test the role of self-medication and coping motives and the role of social influences and identity salience in predicting drinking behavior among young (age 18-25) at-risk women. We will examine both how these behaviors change over time and will also conduct a smaller exploratory study to examine drinking at the event-level women who drink. To accomplish this objective the study will include 900 women recruited through online networking communities and advertisements. Hazardous drinking and proposed mediators and moderators of drinking will be assessed annually for three years. A subgroup of 100 women who drink at least twice per week will complete two weeks of daily measures annually to examine risk factors and drinking behavior at the daily level. Specific aims are: 1) testing a self-medication model of high risk drinking, where stressors, psychological distress, and drinking to cope are examined in relation to hazardous drinking over time; 2) testing a social influences model of high risk drinking, where social influences, social norms, social motives, and identity salience are examined in relation to drinking hazardous drinking over time; 3) To examine event-level within-person relationships between stress, psychological distress, covariation in social contexts, and situation-specific drinking norms in predicting daily drinking behavior.