MECHANISMS OF DRUGS OF ABUSE

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 对高级科学家奖获得者的建议是，他们在伦理方面进行教学和出版。被列入黑名单是科学伦理的一个很少或很少研究的领域。被列入黑名单是对个人的回避、排除，有时甚至是对个人的骚扰，原因是一些被指控的罪行。然而，与之相关的还有许多伦理问题。它类似于私刑，不提供正当程序，可能依赖权力和武力而不采取补救措施，也不能确保惩罚与犯罪相适应。这对可能永远得不到正当程序或听证的黑名单上的人是有害的，对黑名单上的人和放任其发生的旁观者来说是有辱人格的。几乎没有什么可以建议列入黑名单，应该立法禁止。 另一个活动领域是数据管理以及数据管理的方式、时间和原因。虽然在数据管理方面有一定的自由度，但必须牢记关键目标和程序，并 维护好了。其中包括数据的记录、处理和存储，以便于检索，并使已发表的研究结果能够得到原始数据的验证和支持。有许多实用的方法可以做到这一点，一些新的综合数据管理软件系统将在未来提供。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. A recommendation to Senior Scientist Award recipients is that they teach and publish in ethics. One area of scientific ethics where there is little or study is blacklisting. Blacklisting is a shunning, excluding and sometimes harassing of an individual for some alleged offence. However, there are many ethical problems associated with it. It is akin to vigilantism, does not provide due process, may rely on power and force without redress, and does not insure that the punishment fits the crime. It is harmful to the blacklisted who may never receive due process or a hearing, and it is degrading to the black listers and to the bystanders who let it happen. There is little or nothing to recommend blacklisting and it should be legislated against. Another area of activity has been data management and the how, when, and why of data management has been addressed. While there is some latitude in the management of data, key goals and procedures must be kept in mind and maintained. These include the recording, processing, and the storing of data such that it can be easily retrieved, and so that published findings can be verified and supported by the original data. There are many practical ways to do this with some new comprehensive data management software systems to be offered in the future.