Mechanisms of de novo membrane assembly

7.项目摘要/摘要 重新排列囊泡交通以从头开始创建新的膜间隔的能力是一种 基本的细胞生物学过程对细胞生理学和分化的许多方面都很重要。二 这种现象的常见例子是自噬小体的产生和纤毛的产生 护套。在这两种情况下，小泡聚集在蛋白质底物上，形成一个小的双层膜， 随后扩展成一个不同的细胞器。这些过程中的缺陷与各种 强调了细胞生理学的这一方面对人类健康的重要性。孢子 芽殖酵母在孢子形成过程中的膜形成是另一个新生的例子。 膜形成事件。孢子膜的形成发生在微管组织中心。 细胞，类似于高等细胞中的睫状鞘，孢子膜膨胀包被 细胞质成分，类似于自噬小体。这些相似之处是由于 分子水平，使酵母孢子形成成为识别潜在分子的强大模型系统 膜组装的机理。该方案中的实验主要集中在两个方面 过程：1)拖把如何促进囊泡的结合以形成孢子膜，以及2)如何 Vps13脂转移蛋白促进膜扩张。

7. PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The ability to rearrange vesicular traffic to create new membrane compartments de novo is a fundamental cell biological process important for many aspects of cellular physiology and differentiation. Two common examples of this phenomenon are the creation of autophagosomes and the generation of the ciliary sheath. In both cases, vesicles coalesce on a protein substrate to create a small double membrane that subsequently expands into a distinct organelle. Defects in these processes are associated with a variety of diseases, highlighting the importance of this aspect of cellular physiology to human health. Prospore membrane formation during the process of sporulation in budding yeast is another example of a de novo membrane formation event. Prospore membrane formation occurs on the microtubule organizing center of the cells, analogous to the ciliary sheath in higher cells, and the prospore membrane expands to encapsulate cytoplasmic components, analogous to an autophagosome. These similarities are due to parallels at the molecular level that make yeast sporulation a powerful model system to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of membrane assembly. The experiments in this proposal are focused on two aspects of this process: 1) how the MOP promotes coalescence of vesicles to create the prospore membrane, and 2) how the Vps13 lipid transfer protein promotes membrane expansion.