Cumulative Effects of Prenatal Stress and Chemical Exposures on Child Development

项目摘要 我们建议将目前在伊利诺伊大学和 加州大学，旧金山弗朗西斯科（UCSF），以形成一个更大的地理，社会经济，种族和 种族多样性队列（ECHO.CA.IL），研究化学品暴露的累积影响， 心理社会压力对出生结果和早期神经发育的影响。我们将重点关注两组高 生产量内分泌干扰化学品（EDCs）定期检测孕妇， 研究表明可能会影响发育，但关于儿童健康结果的数据很少：酚类 （双酚、二苯甲酮、二氯苯酚、对羟基苯甲酸酯、三氯生、三氯卡班）和全氟化烷基 物质（PFAS）。我们将测量慢性压力和恢复力的三个指标：1）感知- 对家庭、邻里和工作环境中的社会地位和压力暴露的看法; 2） 基于地点的邻里水平的社会经济地位，公民参与，绿色空间和建成 3）生物标志物-母体和脐带白细胞中的端粒长度和促肾上腺皮质激素 释放激素（CRH）在母体血浆中的水平。我们将测量出生结果（出生体重和 我们将使用创新的方法来评估基本的认知功能，包括工作 婴儿期和幼儿期的记忆、注意力、信息处理和社会认知。我们将 解决三个具体目标：（1）评估产前暴露于EDCs之间的关系， 不良出生结果和后代认知发育的指标。(2)评价 产前压力测量与不良出生结果测量之间的关系， 后代的认知发展。重要的是，为了这个目的，我们还将评估是否有生物标志物， 应激反应介导知觉和基于场所的应激与发展性 结果。(3)评价母体压力是否改变了EDC与 暴露和不良出生结果或后代认知发育的措施。期间 规划期间，我们将协调数据收集和管理（包括生物标本，压力 测量，以及出生结果和认知功能的测量）， 准备合并我们的两个数据集，并与ECHO数据分析中心共享我们的数据。期间 在UG 3阶段，我们还将积极参与ECHO范围研究的制定和实施 提供评估母体压力、后代认知能力和认知能力的专业知识和方法的方案 发展和我们的经验，整合和协调我们两个地理区域的数据收集 不同的怀孕群体。总之，我们的创新研究方法将通过提供 将累积化学品接触与慢性心理社会压力和 弹性，以了解一套复杂的产前病因因素，形成发育 婴儿和幼儿期的结果。

Project Summary We propose to integrate two pregnancy cohorts currently under recruitment at the University of Illinois and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) to form a larger geographically, socio-economically, racially and ethnically diverse cohort (ECHO.CA.IL) to study the cumulative impact of chemical exposures and maternal psychosocial stress on birth outcomes and early neurodevelopment. We will focus on two groups of high production volume endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) regularly detected in pregnant women, which research suggests may impact development, but for which data on child health outcomes is sparse: phenols (bisphenols, benzophenone, dichlorophenols, parabens, triclosan, triclocarban) and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS). We will measure three indices of chronic stress and resilience: 1) Perceptual – perceptions of social standing and stress exposures in household, neighborhood, and work environments; 2) Place-based – neighborhood level socioeconomic status, civic engagement, green space and built environment; and 3) Biomarkers - telomere length in maternal and umbilical cord leukocytes and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) levels in maternal plasma. We will measure birth outcomes (birth weight and gestational age) and we will use innovative approaches to assess basic cognitive functions including working memory, attention, information processing, and social cognition in infancy and early childhood. We will address three specific aims: (1) Evaluate the relationship between prenatal exposures to EDCs and measures of adverse birth outcomes and cognitive development of offspring. (2) Evaluate the relationship between measures of prenatal stress and measures of adverse birth outcomes and cognitive development of offspring. Importantly, for this aim we will also assess whether biomarkers of stress response mediate the relationship between perceptual and place-based stress and developmental outcomes. (3) Evaluate whether maternal stress modifies observed relationships between EDC exposures and measures of adverse birth outcomes or cognitive development of offspring. During the planning period, we will harmonize data collection and management (including biospecimens, stress measurements, and measurements of birth outcomes and cognitive functions) across our two cohorts to prepare for merging our two data sets and for sharing our data with the ECHO Data Analysis Center. During UG3 stage we will also actively participate in development and implementation of the ECHO-wide study protocol contributing expertise and methodology for assessing maternal stress, offspring cognitive development and our experiences integrating and harmonizing data collection across our two geographically distinct pregnancy cohorts. In summary, our innovative research approach will contribute to ECHO by providing a framework for integrating cumulative chemical exposures with chronic psychosocial stress and sources of resilience in order to understand the complex set of prenatal etiologic factors that shape developmental outcomes in infancy and early childhood.