High-Voltage Compact Capacitor for Implantable Defibrillator

描述(由申请人提供)：植入式除颤器的高压紧凑型电容器：在世界范围内，心脏骤停是一个主要的健康问题。植入式心脏复律除颤器(ICD)的使用已经成为一种越来越被接受的治疗方案，每年可以挽救数千名心脏病发作患者的生命。随着人们对这些设备接受度的提高，对功能和材料改进的驱动力也在增强。ICD设备最关键和最关键的组件之一是高压电容器。电容器的功能是在几秒钟内储存能量，并在几毫秒内将其输送到心脏。拟议项目的总体目标是为下一代植入式除颤器开发一种集成化和单元化(所有元件都密切接触)、小型化和全固态的高压电容器。全固态高压电容器很有吸引力，因为它可以存储几倍于传统电解电容器的能量，同时保持在高放电率下传输能量的能力。它还将允许在同一包装中串联堆叠多个电池单元，这在需要复杂包装的液体电解液的情况下是不可能的。这将把ICD内部所需的电容器数量减少到两个，通过用固体电解质取代液体电解质来减少ICD的重量和体积，允许使用双极多电池串联设计来实现高电压，并消除任何分流和电解液泄漏的可能性，从而提高可靠性和安全性。第一阶段论证了为下一代植入式除颤器开发先进的小型化全固态高压电容器的可行性。改进的钽阳极形成工艺使我们能够在高达350V的高压下成功形成阳极组件，这使我们相信可以获得更高的电压。在这一第二阶段计划中，建议建造全尺寸700-V电堆，以便在长期和加速测试条件下进行研究。根据第一阶段的结果，第二阶段产品开发计划的技术方法将包括：1)进一步优化钽阳极结构；b)制造最终的电池组，评估电容器外壳、封装材料和程序；b)进行长期稳定性和生物兼容性测试；以及c)研究和选择灭菌和包装方案。第二阶段项目的成功完成将产生一种小型化电容器和一种新型全固态电容器的制造方法，这种电容器将应用于ICD。与公共卫生相关：植入式心脏复律除颤器(ICD)的使用已成为一种日益被接受的治疗选择，每年可以挽救数千名心脏病发作患者的生命。ICD迫切需要尺寸更小、能量密度更高的电容器。ICD内部电容器的体积和重量的大幅减少将代表着ICD产品的显著改进，从而为患者带来许多好处。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High Voltage Compact Capacitor for Implantable Defibrillator: Worldwide, sudden cardiac arrest is a major health problem. The use of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD) has become an increasingly accepted treatment option, one that could save thousands of heart attack patients annually. With the increase in acceptance of these devices, the drive for improvement of function and materials has intensified. One of the most critical and vital components of the ICD device is a high-voltage capacitor. The function of the capacitor is to store energy over a period of seconds and deliver it to the heart over a period of a few milliseconds. The overall goal of the proposed project is to develop an integrated and unitized (all elements in intimate contact), miniaturized, and all-solid high-voltage capacitor for the next generation of implantable defibrillators. The all-solid high-voltage capacitor is attractive because it can store several times as much energy as a conventional electrolytic capacitor, while retaining the ability to deliver that energy at high discharge rates. It will also allow the stacking of multi-cell units in series in the same package, something not possible in the case of the liquid electrolyte, which requires complicated packaging. This will reduce the number of required capacitors inside the ICD to two, reduce the ICD weight and volume by replacing liquid electrolyte with solid electrolyte, permit use of a bipolar multi-cell series design to achieve high voltages, and, eliminate any possibility of shunt currents and electrolyte leakage, thereby enhancing reliability and safety. The feasibility to develop an advanced miniaturized and all-solid high-voltage capacitor for the next generation of implantable defibrillators was demonstrated in Phase I. Improved tantalum anode formation processes enabled us to form anode components successfully at high voltages up to 350 V, which lead us to believe that even higher voltage can be achieved. During this Phase II program, it is proposed to build full-size 700-V stacks to be studied under long-term and accelerated test conditions. Based on the Phase I results, the technical approach for the Phase II product development program will include 1) further optimization of the tantalum anode structure b) fabricate final cell stacks, evaluate capacitor housings, encapsulation materials, and procedures, b) perform long-term stability and biocompatibility tests, and to, c) Study and select sterilization and packaging options. The successful completion of the Phase II project will result in a miniaturized capacitor and a method of fabricating a novel all-solid capacitor which will have applications for ICDs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The use of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD) has become an increasingly accepted treatment option, one that could save thousands of heart attack patients annually. There is critical need for reduced size, high energy density capacitor for the ICD. Substantial reduction in the volume and consequently weight of the capacitor inside the ICD would represent a significant product improvement ICD resulting in many advantages for the patients.