Surfactant additions to optimize the anti-biofilm activity of chlorinated disinfectants for industrial cleaning

在石油和天然气工业中，生物膜会导致生物结垢、生物腐蚀、生物源性储层酸化和机械堵塞。这些破坏性影响导致了许多操作问题，如腐蚀失效、产量下降、过滤器堵塞和注入能力丧失。生物膜是包裹在细胞外聚合物基质中的微生物菌落，它可以保护微生物免受消毒剂和剪切力的侵害。生物膜在露天池塘、供应井、过滤器、管道和油气田储罐中以黏液聚集体的形式发展。大量的常规消毒剂（戊二醛和季铵表面活性剂）通常用于去除管道内的生物膜，但在许多工业场所已被证明是无效的。因此，需要比传统方法更快地有效靶向细菌生物膜的消毒剂。

In the oil and gas industry, biofilms cause biofouling, biocorrosion, biogenic reservoir souring and mechanical blockages. These destructive effects lead to many operational problems such as corrosion failures, production decline, filter plugging and loss of injectivity. Biofilms are microbial colonies encased in an extracellular polymeric matrix, which protects from disinfectants and shear forces. Biofilms develop as slime aggregates in open ponds, supply wells, filters, lines, and storage tanks in oil and gas fields. The huge amounts of conventional disinfectants (glutaraldehyde and quaternary ammonium surfactants) that are normally used to remove biofilms from within pipes have proven to be ineffective in many industrial sites. Thus, there is a need for disinfectants that efficiently target bacterial biofilms more rapidly than conventional methods.