Increasing Adoption of Electric and Electric Hybrid Vehicles through Consumer Relevant Powertrain Improvements and Characterization

混合动力汽车（hev）、插电式混合动力汽车（phev）以及电池或纯电动汽车（bev）的电动化程度不断提高，有许多积极的原因。不幸的是，出于务实、政策和行为方面的原因，电动汽车的销量普遍较低至中等。在所有电动汽车的优点和缺点的中心是汽车电池。许多电池研究已经存在并且仍在继续，但主要是在电池和实验室层面。在模块（多个单元）和包（多个模块）级别上的研究要少得多，而且由于商业竞争的原因，许多已经存在的研究往往在行业内保密。文献中一个明显不足的领域是关于汽车电池“包”内部温度和寿命退化行为，以及它对电动汽车基于模型的设计的影响。第二个文献不足是有效的方法来说服汽车消费者对电动汽车的好处。******本研究计划的总体目标是在技术和消费者需求方面推进混合动力汽车（hev），插电式混合动力汽车（phev），纯电动或电池电动汽车（bev）的动力系统，以使社会更接近可持续交通的未来。具体而言，该研究计划侧重于(i)通过了解汽车电池的热特性和退化来了解和提高汽车电池的寿命和利用率，以及（ii）通过开发移动有毒排放多途径人类健康风险评估框架来开发一种方法，以增加公众对增加汽车电气化的支持。******探索基金提出了三个研究项目的主要挑战：第一个挑战填补了文献和研究工具的空白，因为它寻求扩展申请人最近生产的基于物理的三维多层电池袋热建模，包括降解，并扩大汽车电池模块和电池组的尺寸。第二个挑战是解决消费者在电池保修后的需求，通过实验更好地了解汽车电池退化，并将这种理解转化为针对延长电池寿命和相应的二次使用价值的插电式混合动力控制优化策略，为新兴的汽车电池二次使用行业提供支持。第三项挑战将帮助车辆购买者、城市交通规划者和政府决策者，通过创建一种新颖的、范式转换的移动有毒排放人类健康风险评估，寻求通过个性化，了解车辆排放情况，直至驾驶的车辆、驾驶路线以及生活和工作地点。

There are many positive reasons for the ever increasing electrification of vehicles in the form of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in HEVs (PHEVs), and battery or pure electric vehicles (BEVs). Unfortunately, for pragmatic, policy, and behavioural reasons electrified vehicles sales are generally low to moderate. At the centre of all electrified vehicle benefits and drawbacks is the vehicle battery. Much battery research exists and continues but mostly at the cell and lab level. At the module (multiple cells) and pack (multiple modules) level the research is far less, and much of what does exists tends to remain confidential within industry for business competition reasons. One clearly deficient area in the literature is with regards to vehicle battery ‘pack' internal temperature and lifetime degradation behaviour, and its impact on electrified vehicle model-based design. A second literature deficiency is effective approaches to convincing the vehicle consumer on the benefits of electrified vehicles.******The overall objective of this research program is to advance, both technically and consumer desirability wise, hybrid electric vehicle's (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle's (PHEVs), pure electric or battery electric vehicle's (BEVs) powertrains in order to move society closer to a sustainable transportation future. Specifically, this research program focusses (i) on understanding and improving vehicle battery life and utilization through understanding vehicle battery thermal characteristics and degradation, and (ii) on developing a method to increase public support for increasing the electrification of vehicles through the development of a mobile toxic emissions multi-pathway human health risk assessment framework.******There are three research program main challenges proposed for Discovery Grant funding: The first challenge fills a void in the literature and research tools as it seeks to extend the applicant's recently productive physics-based 3-D multi-layered battery pouch thermal modelling to include degradation, and up-sized to vehicle battery modules and packs. The second challenge addresses post battery warranty needs of the consumer and supports the emerging vehicle battery second-use industry by better understanding vehicle battery degradation through experiments and transferring this understanding to PHEV control optimization strategies geared towards extending battery life, and correspondingly second-use value. The third challenge will assist vehicle purchasing consumers, city traffic planners, and government decision makers by creating a novel, paradigm shifting, mobile toxic emissions human health risk assessment that seeks to inform, by personalizing, vehicle emissions down to the vehicle one drives, the driving routes one takes, and where one lives and works.