Increasing Adoption of Electric and Electric Hybrid Vehicles through Consumer Relevant Powertrain Improvements and Characterization

混合动力电动车辆（HEV）、插电式HEV（PHEV）和电池或纯电动车辆（BEV）形式的车辆电气化不断增加有许多积极的原因。 不幸的是，出于务实、政策和行为的原因，电动汽车的销量普遍偏低。所有电动汽车优点和缺点的核心是汽车电池。 许多电池研究存在并继续进行，但主要是在电池和实验室水平。 在模块（多个电池）和组件（多个模块）层面，研究要少得多，而且出于商业竞争的原因，许多现有的研究往往在行业内保密。 文献中的一个明显不足的领域是关于车辆电池组的内部温度和寿命退化行为，以及其对基于电动车辆模型的设计的影响。 第二个文献不足是说服汽车消费者电动汽车的好处的有效方法。 该研究计划的总体目标是在技术和消费者需求方面推进混合动力电动汽车（HEV），插电式混合动力电动汽车（PHEV），纯电动或电池电动汽车（BEV）动力系统，以使社会更接近可持续交通未来。 具体而言，该研究计划的重点是（一）通过了解汽车电池的热特性和退化来了解和提高汽车电池的寿命和利用率，以及（二）通过开发移动的有毒排放物多途径人类健康风险评估框架来开发一种方法，以增加公众对增加汽车电气化的支持。 有三个研究计划的主要挑战提出了发现补助金资金：第一个挑战填补了文献和研究工具中的空白，因为它试图扩展申请人最近的生产性基于物理的三维多层电池袋热建模，包括退化，并扩大到车辆电池模块和电池组。 第二个挑战解决了消费者的电池保修后需求，并通过实验更好地了解车辆电池退化并将这种理解转移到PHEV控制优化策略来支持新兴的车辆电池二次使用行业，以延长电池寿命，并相应地提高二次使用价值。 第三个挑战将帮助购买车辆的消费者、城市交通规划者和政府决策者，方法是创建一个新颖的、范式转变的、移动的有毒排放人类健康风险评估，该评估旨在通过个性化方式告知车辆排放，具体到驾驶的车辆、行驶路线以及居住和工作的地点。

There are many positive reasons for the ever increasing electrification of vehicles in the form of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in HEVs (PHEVs), and battery or pure electric vehicles (BEVs). Unfortunately, for pragmatic, policy, and behavioural reasons electrified vehicles sales are generally low to moderate. At the centre of all electrified vehicle benefits and drawbacks is the vehicle battery. Much battery research exists and continues but mostly at the cell and lab level. At the module (multiple cells) and pack (multiple modules) level the research is far less, and much of what does exists tends to remain confidential within industry for business competition reasons. One clearly deficient area in the literature is with regards to vehicle battery pack' internal temperature and lifetime degradation behaviour, and its impact on electrified vehicle model-based design. A second literature deficiency is effective approaches to convincing the vehicle consumer on the benefits of electrified vehicles. The overall objective of this research program is to advance, both technically and consumer desirability wise, hybrid electric vehicle's (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle's (PHEVs), pure electric or battery electric vehicle's (BEVs) powertrains in order to move society closer to a sustainable transportation future. Specifically, this research program focusses (i) on understanding and improving vehicle battery life and utilization through understanding vehicle battery thermal characteristics and degradation, and (ii) on developing a method to increase public support for increasing the electrification of vehicles through the development of a mobile toxic emissions multi-pathway human health risk assessment framework. There are three research program main challenges proposed for Discovery Grant funding: The first challenge fills a void in the literature and research tools as it seeks to extend the applicant's recently productive physics-based 3-D multi-layered battery pouch thermal modelling to include degradation, and up-sized to vehicle battery modules and packs. The second challenge addresses post battery warranty needs of the consumer and supports the emerging vehicle battery second-use industry by better understanding vehicle battery degradation through experiments and transferring this understanding to PHEV control optimization strategies geared towards extending battery life, and correspondingly second-use value. The third challenge will assist vehicle purchasing consumers, city traffic planners, and government decision makers by creating a novel, paradigm shifting, mobile toxic emissions human health risk assessment that seeks to inform, by personalizing, vehicle emissions down to the vehicle one drives, the driving routes one takes, and where one lives and works.