Understanding Metal-Catalyzed High Pressure Carbonylations of Organic Compounds

了解有机化合物的金属催化高压羰基化反应

• 批准号: 9223433
• 负责人: Wayne Gladfelter
• 金额: $ 26.32万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-01 至 1996-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9223433&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Metal; Catalyzed; Pressure; Carbonylations

Dr. Wayne L. Gladfelter of the Chemistry Department, University of Minnesota, will investigate the mechanisms of metal-catalyzed carbonylations of organic compounds. Support for this Environmentally Benign Chemical Synthesis and Processing project will be provided by the Inorganic, Bioinorganic, and Organometallic Chemistry program. Gladfelter will collaborate with Dr. John Grate of Catalytica. In situ IR and NMR methods will be used to monitor carbonylation reactions of nitroaromatics to form isocyanates. The catalyst precursors will be Ru3(CO)12 and various ruthenium carbonyls having phosphine and phosphite ligands. The pertinence of the work to Environmentally Benign Synthesis is that the reactions afford a method to bypass the use of phosgene (a hazardous intermediate) in the synthesis of isocyanates. Additional studies will focus on the use of these and related catalysts in asymmetric synthesis and hydrogenation of polar compounds. %%% Polyurethanes are produced in great quantity in the chemical industry, especially in the production of insulation. The present route to polyurethanes entails the conversion of nitroaromatic to isocyanate compounds with a highly toxic species, phosgene, being used in great amounts during this conversion. A new catalytic method that bypasses the use of phosgene is to be studied. At present the method shows great promise, but much needs to be learned about how it functions. Catalytica is a California-based company that creates and commercializes economic and environmentally advantageous catalytic technologies for the petroleum refining, energy, and chemical industries.

明尼苏达大学化学系的 Wayne L. Gladfelter 博士将研究金属催化有机化合物羰基化的机制。 无机、生物无机和有机金属化学项目将对该环保化学合成和加工项目提供支持。 Gladfelter 将与 Catalytica 的 John Grate 博士合作。 原位红外和核磁共振方法将用于监测硝基芳族化合物形成异氰酸酯的羰基化反应。 催化剂前体是Ru3(CO)12和具有膦和亚磷酸酯配体的各种羰基钌。 这项工作与环境无害合成的相关性在于，这些反应提供了一种绕过异氰酸酯合成中使用光气（一种危险中间体）的方法。 其他研究将集中于这些和相关催化剂在极性化合物的不对称合成和氢化中的使用。 %%% 聚氨酯在化学工业中大量生产，特别是在绝缘材料的生产中。 目前的聚氨酯路线需要将硝基芳族化合物转化为异氰酸酯化合物，在此转化过程中需要大量使用剧毒物质光气。 正在研究一种绕过光气使用的新催化方法。 目前，该方法显示出巨大的前景，但关于它的运作方式还需要了解很多。 Catalytica 是一家总部位于加利福尼亚州的公司，为石油精炼、能源和化学工业创造经济和环境有利的催化技术并将其商业化。