NIRT: Development, Functionalization, and Assembly of Nanoscale Biological Sensors

NIRT：纳米级生物传感器的开发、功能化和组装

• 批准号: 0210332
• 负责人: Peng Xiong
• 金额: $ 105万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210332&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Development; Functionalization; Assembly; Nanoscale

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. We propose a project to develop nanoscale biological sensors with single molecule detection capability and, more importantly, a novel technique for nanoscale functionalization and assembly of these sensors. The devices will consist of several nanoscale building blocks: 1) ultra-sensitive semiconductor Hall gradiometer capable of detecting a single 5-nm diameter magnetic nanoparticle (magnetic detection); 2) nanoscale field effect transistor (FET) based on newly developed semiconducting metal oxide nanobelts (electrical detection). We will employ dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) to functionalize individual solid state devices to detect specific biological substances. Furthermore, DPN-decorated solid substrates will be utilized to assemble nanoscale building blocks onto specific patterns from solution.The practicality of any biological sensor is governed by its: 1) selectivity, 2) sensitivity, and 3) environmental compatibility. We have recently demonstrated that sub-micrometer Hall gradiometers, made out of GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas, can detect a single 10-nm-diameter magnetic particle. They are ideally suited for detecting the presence of adsorbed biomolecules tagged with magnetic nanoparticles. We will fabricate gradiometers out of InAs heterostructures for the optimal performance under ambient conditions. For electrical detection of biological molecules, we intend to fabricate nanoscale FET's from a group of metal oxide nanobelts. In this case, charged molecules adsorbed on the functionalized nanobelt surfaces can be detected by measuring the conductivity change of the nanobelt junctions.Utilizing DPN, the nanoscale Hall gradiometer surface and nanobelt FET channel can be functionalized to create specific affinity for desired biomolecules, which allows us to build highly selective sensing devices. Furthermore, multiple nano-FET's can be assembled onto specific locations on a substrate or in a circuit via surface-templated nano-assembly strategy. In this method, the solid substrate will be first functionalized with chemical binding groups with specific affinity to the nanobelts, and then the substrates will be used to capture the nanobelts from their solution.Successful execution of the proposed program will not only produce several highly sensitive novel biosensors with immediate application values, but also create a new paradigm for biosensor fabrication and assembly that may be widely applicable in many other systems. To accomplish the stated goals, we have assembled a team of six researchers in biology, physics, materials science, and electrical engineering from three institutions. This team provides a unique interdisciplinary combination and possesses all the necessary expertise and tools for the project. In addition, this interdisciplinary research project will provide many students a valuable opportunity to collaborate with researchers in other disciplines.

该提案是对纳米科学与工程倡议（NSF 01-157，NIRT类别）的响应。我们提出了一个项目，以开发具有单分子检测能力的纳米生物传感器，更重要的是，这些传感器的纳米功能化和组装的新技术。这些器件将由几个纳米级构件组成：1）能够检测单个5 nm直径磁性纳米颗粒的超灵敏半导体霍尔梯度计（磁性检测）; 2）基于新开发的半导体金属氧化物纳米带的纳米级场效应晶体管（FET）（电检测）。我们将采用蘸笔纳米光刻（DPN）功能化个别固态设备，以检测特定的生物物质。此外，DPN修饰的固体基底将用于将纳米级构建块组装到溶液中的特定图案上。任何生物传感器的实用性都取决于其：1）选择性，2）灵敏度和3）环境兼容性。我们最近已经证明，由GaAs/AlGaAs二维电子气制成的亚微米霍尔梯度计可以检测到单个10 nm直径的磁性粒子。它们非常适合用于检测吸附有磁性纳米颗粒标记的生物分子的存在。我们将在环境条件下的最佳性能的InAs异质结构的梯度计。对于生物分子的电检测，我们打算从一组金属氧化物纳米带制备纳米级FET。在这种情况下，吸附在功能化纳米带表面上的带电分子可以通过测量纳米带结的电导率变化来检测。利用DPN，纳米级霍尔梯度计表面和纳米带FET沟道可以被功能化，以产生对所需生物分子的特异性亲和力，这使得我们能够构建高度选择性的传感器件。此外，多个纳米FET可以通过表面模板化纳米组装策略组装到衬底上或电路中的特定位置上。在这种方法中，固体基底将首先用对纳米带具有特异性亲和力的化学结合基团官能化，然后基底将用于从其溶液中捕获纳米带。所提出的计划的成功执行不仅将产生几种具有立即应用价值的高灵敏度的新型生物传感器，而且为生物传感器制造和组装创造了新的范例，其可广泛应用于许多其它系统。为了实现既定目标，我们组建了一个由来自三个机构的生物学，物理学，材料科学和电气工程的六名研究人员组成的团队。该团队提供了独特的跨学科组合，并拥有项目所需的所有专业知识和工具。此外，这个跨学科的研究项目将为许多学生提供与其他学科的研究人员合作的宝贵机会。