Understanding and Fostering Model Based Learning In Science

理解和促进基于模型的科学学习

• 批准号: 0231808
• 负责人: John Clement
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0231808&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Fostering; Model; Based; Learning

This project will study learning and teaching processes in several exemplary sciencecurricula in different subject areas. All of them use new approaches to teaching that areunique in the way that they foster active learning of conceptual models on the part of thestudent. At present many of the general principles underlying the learning that occurs inthese lessons are poorly understood. However, advances in cognitive science haveproduced a very promising new theory of model-based learning which can help toanalyze and describe these teaching techniques. The investigators will use acombination of qualitative and quantitative methods to study these innovative units andanalyze them using these new cognitive science concepts. The overall goal is to findprinciples of instruction for developing students' visualizable models in science. Centralto the project will be case studies of skilled teachers who are adept at fostering modelconstruction by students. The problem is to identify the strategies by which teachers areable to do this. The project will analyze teaching strategies and resulting student learningprocesses in detail using protocol analysis techniques. Follow up studies will makequantitative comparisons between groups that complement the qualitative case studies,and pre and post testing will measure the size of learning gains in different areas. In a second part of the project, key elements of model-based learning theory will be elaborated via the analysis of expert learning protocols. Similarities and differences between expert and student processes will be examined that highlight new ways of understanding student learning processes that suggest new teaching strategies.

本研究将探讨不同学科领域的几个示范性科学课程的学习和教学过程。他们都采用了新的教学方法，这些方法都是独一无二的，他们促进了学生对概念模型的主动学习。目前，这些课程中的许多基本原则还没有得到很好的理解。然而，认知科学的进步产生了一种非常有前途的新理论，即基于模型的学习，它可以帮助分析和描述这些教学技术。研究者将使用定性和定量相结合的方法来研究这些创新的单元，并使用这些新的认知科学概念来分析它们。本研究的总体目标是寻找培养学生科学形象化模型的教学原则。该项目的核心将是熟练教师的案例研究，他们擅长培养学生的模型构建。问题是要确定教师能够做到这一点的策略。该项目将使用协议分析技术详细分析教学策略和由此产生的学生学习过程。后续研究将在各组之间进行定量比较，以补充定性案例研究，前后测试将衡量不同领域的学习成果。 在该项目的第二部分，基于模型的学习理论的关键要素将通过专家学习协议的分析阐述。 专家和学生的过程之间的异同将被检查，突出理解学生的学习过程，建议新的教学策略的新方法。