Professional Development Materials to Develop Student Knowledge and Skills of Scientific Argumentation

《培养学生科学论证知识和技能的专业发展材料》项目是一个概念验证项目。本项目建议制作原型专业发展材料，以提高中学教师提高学生科学知识和论证技能的能力(提出主张、挑战主张、有理由地支持主张、批评那些理由和解释判断)。在开发了原型之后，该项目调查了教师实施专业发展材料的水平。共有36名中学教师参与专业发展资源试点。教师参加为期两周(60小时)的专业发展，学习如何在课堂上实施课程。他们在网上和课外进行90个小时的活动，以加深对论证技能的理解。大约1000名7年级学生将受到该项目的影响。该项目记录了中学生科学论证技能的发展。据预测，辩论技巧将使学生在中学以后受益。将收集有关认知策略、教学程序、合作讨论、写作规程和专业发展支持材料有效性的研究数据。

The "Professional Development Materials to Develop Student Knowledge and Skills of Scientific Argumentation" project is a proof of concept project. This project proposes to produce prototype professional development materials to enhance the capacity of middle school teachers to increase students' science knowledge and argumentation skills (making claims, challenging claims, supporting claims with reasons, criticizing those reasons and explaining judgments). Subsequent to the development of the prototype, the project investigates the level of teacher implementation of the professional development materials. A total of 36 middle school teachers participate in the piloting of the professional development resources. Teachers participate in two weeks (60 hours) of professional development to learn how to implement the curriculum in their classrooms. They engage in 90 hours of on-line and after school activities to refine their understanding of argumentation skills. Approximately 1000 7th grade students will be impacted by the project. The project documents the development of scientific argumentation skills of the middle school students. The argumentation skills are predicted to benefit students beyond the middle school years. Research data on cognitive strategy, instructional procedures, cooperative discussion, writing protocols and the effectiveness of the professional development support material will be collected.