Materials World Network: Nano-Macro Porous Glass Bone-Scaffolds

材料世界网：纳米宏观多孔玻璃骨支架

• 批准号: 0602975
• 负责人: Himanshu Jain
• 金额: $ 49.6万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Materials; World; Network; Nano; Macro

Advances in cell biology and material science have led to the concept of repairing or regenerating lost or damaged tissue by providing healthy progenitor cells to the injured site on a biocompatible scaffold. The success of this most desirable treatment rests on the development of 3D structures to which cells can attach and form firm bonds. The ideal material to make such scaffolds should be biomechanically similar to the host tissue and must be biocompatible, preferably be bioactive so as to actively control tissue growth. The most successful results of this approach have been obtained for bone replacement using bone-scaffolds made from CaO-P2O5-SiO2 based glasses. A macro porous structure is necessary to obtain good implant incorporation through rapid vascularization and bone ingrowth, yet an ideal scaffold should consist of nanopores that simulate the extracellular environment for the development of connective tissue. Thus an ideal bone-scaffold must consist of a bimodal distribution of nano-macro pores. The process for fabricating bimodal porosity in a bioactive glass with prescribed mechanical and biocompatibility properties does not exist. Therefore, a comprehensive research program is proposed for fabricating bone-scaffolds and demonstrating their efficacy under controlled in vitro and realistic in vivo environment (alveolar bone regeneration utilizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells). Sol-gel method will be the primary method of glass preparation in which bimodal porosity will be introduced in established Bioglass type compositions either by polymerization-induced phase separation simultaneously with the sol-gel transition, or via macroporous templates. To optimize the glass composition and processing parameters, we will investigate the physical and chemical structure of the bulk and surface of glass, the bone-scaffold interface, and newly formed bone. The very broad scope of our goal will be pursued collaboratively by glass synthesis chemists, physical glass scientists, surface scientists, dentists with expertise in tissue engineering, and biomechanics specialists, forming a team of five groups from Egypt, Portugal, Senegal and USA.With regard to broad impact, the project will help develop a better treatment of bone tissue loss in aging population or patients suffering from a trauma. Our novel bioactive nano-macro porous glass-scaffold would not only help orthopedic patients, but may also introduce new technology for drug delivery and cell encapsulation. It will demonstrate the benefits of materials science and engineering in advancing the cutting edge of medicine. It will also help establish a focused materials world network of researchers in cross-disciplinary materials research, and train young scientists in four countries from three continents with one common goal. The project will be creating the first comprehensive research programs of bioactive materials in two developing countries, and thus setting a model for future research in this area of research. The projects impact will be amplified via its alignment with NSFs two International Materials Institutes at Lehigh and Princeton Universities. This award is co-funded by the Africa and Near East Programs of the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering.

细胞生物学和材料科学的进步导致了通过在生物相容性支架上为受伤部位提供健康的祖细胞来修复或再生丢失或受损组织的概念。这种最理想的治疗方法的成功取决于细胞可以附着并形成牢固结合的3D结构的发展。制造这种支架的理想材料应与宿主组织具有生物力学上的相似性，并且必须具有生物相容性，最好具有生物活性，以便主动控制组织生长。这种方法最成功的结果是使用由CaO-P2O5-SiO2基玻璃制成的骨支架进行骨置换。宏观多孔结构是通过快速血管化和骨长入来获得良好植入物的必要条件，然而理想的支架应该由纳米孔组成，以模拟结缔组织发育的细胞外环境。因此，理想的骨支架必须由纳米宏观孔的双峰分布组成。在具有规定的机械和生物相容性的生物活性玻璃中制造双峰孔隙的工艺并不存在。因此，我们提出了一个全面的研究计划，在体外控制和真实的体内环境下制备骨支架并证明其有效性（利用骨髓间充质干细胞再生牙槽骨）。溶胶-凝胶法将是玻璃制备的主要方法，通过聚合诱导相分离同时进行溶胶-凝胶过渡，或通过大孔模板，在已建立的生物玻璃型组合物中引入双峰孔隙。为了优化玻璃的组成和加工参数，我们将研究玻璃的体积和表面、骨-支架界面和新形成的骨的物理和化学结构。我们的目标范围非常广泛，将由玻璃合成化学家、物理玻璃科学家、表面科学家、具有组织工程专业知识的牙医和生物力学专家合作，组成一个由来自埃及、葡萄牙、塞内加尔和美国的五个小组组成的团队。就广泛的影响而言，该项目将有助于开发更好的治疗老年人口或创伤患者骨组织丢失的方法。我们的新型生物活性纳米宏观多孔玻璃支架不仅可以帮助骨科患者，还可以为药物传递和细胞封装引入新技术。它将展示材料科学和工程在推进医学前沿方面的好处。它还将帮助建立一个专注于跨学科材料研究的研究人员的材料世界网络，并为一个共同目标培训来自三大洲的四个国家的年轻科学家。该项目将在两个发展中国家建立第一个生物活性材料的综合研究项目，从而为这一研究领域的未来研究树立一个模式。该项目的影响将通过与美国国家科学基金会在里海和普林斯顿大学的两个国际材料研究所的合作而扩大。该奖项由美国国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室的非洲和近东项目共同资助。