Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Noble-Metal Nanostructures and Applications

贵金属纳米结构的形控合成及应用

• 批准号: 0804088
• 负责人: Younan Xia
• 金额: $ 40.2万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-15 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0804088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Shape; Controlled; Synthesis; Noble; Metal

This award, a renewal of an earlier one, to Washington University by the Solid State Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research is to develop an understanding of factors governing the synthesis of metal nanostructures so that one may predictably prepare them with well-controlled shapes, sizes, and compositions for integration into various technologies. The main focus of this work will be on the mechanistic studies of the generation and control of the twin defects in the nanostructures and hence a deeper understanding of the fundamental framework within which nanostructures of a certain shape can be fabricated. This is an important area and yet challenging issue in nanoscience and nanotechnology in that the materials properties and functionalities (e.g., photonics and catalysis) are sensitively dependent upon the surface morphologies. The current state of the art is more like art than science. The proposed work is anticipated to offer some fundamental insights to the mechanistic control and hence a rationale for materials design and preparation. Such a fundamental understanding is highly relevant to design such nanoparticles for applications in sensing, electronics, catalysis and medicine.The project has links with many scientific disciplines that include solid state chemistry/physics, catalysis, and photonics, and has potential applications in medicine, environment, energy and other fields. The PI plans to continue to widely disseminate the results from his studies to the science community. This project, if successful, is expected to provide new advances in such areas as new class of nanomaterials for sensing, biomedical applications, and catalysis that will address issues related to national security, health, environment, and energy. In addition, the planned research is expected to enhance both graduate and undergraduate education through this multidisciplinary research and training.

该奖项由华盛顿大学材料研究部固态化学项目授予，是对早期奖项的更新，旨在发展对控制金属纳米结构合成的因素的理解，以便人们可以预测地用良好控制的形状、大小和成分来制备金属纳米结构，并将其集成到各种技术中。这项工作的主要重点将放在纳米结构中孪生缺陷的产生和控制的机理研究上，从而更深入地了解可以制造某种形状的纳米结构的基本框架。这是纳米科学和纳米技术中的一个重要领域，也是一个具有挑战性的问题，因为材料的性质和功能（例如光子学和催化）敏感地依赖于表面形态。目前的技术状况与其说是科学，不如说是艺术。预计这项工作将为机械控制提供一些基本见解，从而为材料设计和制备提供基本原理。这种基本的理解与设计用于传感、电子、催化和医学的纳米颗粒高度相关。该项目与固体化学/物理、催化、光子学等多个学科有联系，在医学、环境、能源等领域有潜在的应用前景。PI计划继续向科学界广泛传播他的研究结果。该项目如果成功，预计将在传感、生物医学应用和催化等新型纳米材料领域取得新的进展，解决与国家安全、健康、环境和能源有关的问题。此外，计划中的研究预计将通过这种多学科的研究和培训来加强研究生和本科生的教育。