Development of an Ultrafast Laser Instrument for Probing Earth and Planetary Materials under Extreme Pressures and Temperatures

开发用于在极端压力和温度下探测地球和行星材料的超快激光仪器

• 批准号: 1128867
• 负责人: Alexander Goncharov
• 金额: $ 14.53万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1128867&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Ultrafast; Laser; Instrument; Probing

Knowledge of elasticity of Earth and planetary materials is needed for interpretation of the seismic anomalies, evaluation of the Earth?s and other planets compositional and dynamical models, while their transport properties (thermal and electrical conductivity) are the key parameters controlling the thermal history of the core and mantle and their dynamics. These properties are related to the planetary accretion and differentiation, the time evolution of mantle and core temperatures, and the generation of the Earth?s magnetic field. In spite of numerous recent technical developments, in situ measurements of the above listed materials properties under extreme conditions remain a challenging problem. This project will develop new, fast, fs laser-based instrumentation for in situ measurements of elasticity and transport properties (thermal and energy dependent optical conductivity) of materials subjected to extreme high pressure and temperature (P-T) in the diamond anvil cell (DAC). The project team will adapt the existing acoustic interferometry (AI) and time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) techniques for the pulsed laser heated DAC technology developed by this research group. They will design and build a broadband spectroscopy (BBOS) setup, which will allow in situ measurement of material optical properties at high P-T conditions from ultraviolet to mid infrared using an ultra-bright pulsed fs laser source.

地球和行星材料的弹性知识是需要解释的地震异常，地球的评价？S和其他行星的成分和动力学模型，而它们的传输特性（导热性和导电性）是控制核和地幔热历史及其动力学的关键参数。 这些性质与行星的吸积和分异、地幔和地核温度的时间演化以及地球的形成有关。的磁场。 尽管最近有许多技术发展，但在极端条件下对上述材料性质的原位测量仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。该项目将开发新的、快速的、基于飞秒激光的仪器，用于在金刚石压砧单元（DAC）中对经受极高压力和温度（P-T）的材料的弹性和传输特性（热和能量依赖的光学电导率）进行原位测量。 该项目团队将采用现有的声学干涉（AI）和时域热反射（TDTR）技术，用于该研究小组开发的脉冲激光加热DAC技术。他们将设计和建立一个宽带光谱（BBOS）装置，该装置将允许使用超亮脉冲fs激光源在高P-T条件下从紫外到中红外对材料光学特性进行原位测量。