Picturing Animals in National Geographic, 1888-2008

这项研究将考察科普杂志《国家地理》在1888-2008年间是如何描绘动物的。对不断演变的动物视觉描绘的解读将考虑到科学变化、自然历史、环境历史以及风景和环境摄影史提供的新的审美感受，并将杂志及其摄影师、编辑和摄影惯例置于更广泛的历史、文化和政治背景中。这项研究将产生两个最终产品：1)一个关于动物意义和保护的数字档案和讨论论坛，使用的是国家地理图像样本和个人意义地图方法，该方法将通过密歇根州立大学的S矩阵/KORA数字仓库和出版平台与教与学练习一起在网上提供(为包括学生和学者在内的广大受众建立一个动物保护的教学工具)和2)国家地理中关于动物图像的插图专著(通过将国家地理对动物的表示与科学、文化、政治和媒体惯例的广泛历史变化联系起来，促进跨学科学术)。

This study will examine how animals have been depicted in the popular science magazine, National Geographic between 1888-2008. The evolving visual depiction of animals will be interpreted, taking into account scientific changes, natural history, environmental history, and the new aesthetic sensibilities provided by the history of landscape and environmental photography and by situating the magazine and its photographers, editors and photographic conventions in their broader historical, cultural and political contexts. The research will result in two end products: 1) a digital archive and discussion forum on animal meaning and conservation using a sample of National Geographic images and the Personal Meaning Map methodology which will be made available on the web with teaching and learning exercises through Michigan State University?s MATRIX/KORA Digital Repository and Publishing Platform (to establish a pedagogical tool in animal conservation for a broad audience, including students and scholars) and 2) an illustrated monograph on animal imagery in National Geographic (to advance interdisciplinary scholarship by connecting National Geographic representations of animals to broad historical shifts in science, culture, politics and media conventions).