Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Role of Health-Promoting Community Organizations in Urban Neighborhoods

种族居住隔离是美国城市景观的一个重要和持久的方面，即使在法律上的隔离被定为非法几十年后。 虽然随着时间的推移，美国黑人的种族隔离略有下降，但自20世纪60年代以来，其他种族和少数民族群体的巨大增长使这个问题复杂化，并揭示了美国城市种族构成的新模式和趋势。 先前的研究已经将居住隔离与各种社会问题联系起来，包括整个生命过程中的健康状况不佳。然而，产生这种关联的机制却知之甚少。 本项目将研究其中一种潜在机制，即社区组织资源的分配以及这些社区的居民如何利用这些资源。 这项研究提出，少数民族隔离的社区可能会减少获得社区组织资源，这种差异可能会导致不同的健康状况在社区。 考虑到这些因素，该项目解决了种族/民族居住隔离如何与美国少数民族社区的健康结果有关的问题。PI将使用人口普查数据来源和美国社区调查在全国范围内研究这个问题，并通过对凤凰城大都市区的专门调查，即2013年凤凰城护理人员满意度调查在当地进行研究。这些数据源与PI的另一个正在进行的研究项目中的当地社区服务组织的综合数据库配对。 这两个数据源都用于分析家庭获得医疗保健资源的情况，以及这种情况如何通过当地社区的现有资源形成模式，以及这反过来又如何影响长期健康。除了对学术文献的贡献外，该项目还对决策者和公共卫生从业人员产生了实际影响。

Racial residential segregation is a significant and persistent aspect of the American urban landscape even decades after de jure segregation was made illegal. While segregation has declined modestly over time for Black Americans, the immense growth of other racial and ethnic minority groups since the 1960s has complicated this issue and revealed new patterns and trends in the urban racial makeup of the United States. Prior research has linked residential segregation to a variety of social problems, including poor health across the life course. Yet the mechanisms that produce such an association are poorly understood. This project will examine one such potential mechanism, the distribution of community organizational resources and how residents of such communities utilize those resources. This study proposes that minority segregated communities may have diminished access to community organizational resources and that this differential access may contribute to differences in health statuses across communities. With these considerations in mind the project addresses the question of how racial/ethnic residential segregation is related to health outcomes for minority communities in the United States. The PI's will examine the question nationally, using Census data sources and the American Community Survey, as well as locally through a specialized survey of the Phoenix metropolitan area, the 2013 Phoenix Caregiver Satisfaction Survey. These data sources are paired with a comprehensive database of local community-serving organizations from another ongoing research project by the PI's. Both data sources are used in an analysis of family access to health care resources, how that access is patterned by what is available in local communities, and how this in turn impacts long term health. In addition to the contributions to the academic literature, the project has practical implications for policy makers and public health practitioners.