MRI: Acquisition of a Liquid Chromatograph-Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopic Instrument (LC-ICP-MS) for Speciation of Metal Ions in the Environment

1626157 Camacho，LucyUnderstanding the occurrences and chemistry of metal species in the environment constitutes a research challenge to areas of chemistry，agriculture，and chemical and environmental engineering.（1626157卡马乔，露西）了解环境中金属物质的存在和化学对化学，农业，化学和环境工程领域提出了研究挑战。元素形态是重要的，因为对于许多元素来说，诸如毒性或营养价值、流动性和挥发性等特性取决于环境中存在的元素的种类或化学形式。来自环境工程，化学工程，化学，农业，农业和环境科学部门的多学科教师小组将使用LC-ICP-MS仪器进行研究，教育和推广活动。TAMUK是一个少数民族服务机构，是唯一的机构与环境工程博士学位。南德克萨斯州的节目。该项目将使STEM学生，特别是西班牙裔学生，具备在关键的跨学科环境领域进行高质量和有竞争力的研究的技能。该项目将使TAMUK能够吸引来自南德克萨斯州其他机构的机构间研究和教育合作，特别是科珀斯克里斯蒂的德克萨斯农工大学（TAMUCC）和德克萨斯州格兰德河谷大学（UTRGV），因为该地区没有其他机构拥有用于物种识别和定量以及多元素测定的连字符仪器。该项目将直接影响研究生和本科西班牙裔学生在TAMUK和其他研究/教育机构在南德克萨斯州的研究专长。预计TAMUK的150多名研究生将在赠款的三年内参与与该仪器有关的实验室活动。由于TAMUK在南德克萨斯州的战略位置，学生的国际和跨学科经验的潜力存在，这将为未来的全球合作创造更广泛的范围。 为此，美国各机构之间的夏季研究交流计划-梅西科边境将得到促进。该项目将增进对金属离子在环境系统中由于自然和人为原因而发生的形态反应的了解。该项目分为七个子项目，将允许识别存在于广泛环境中的有问题的离子种类，以及确定如何消除毒性和减轻这些离子种类对环境的影响。该子项目的目标是：1）确定锰氧化物改性天然沸石（MCZ）对咸水中As（III）/As（V）的吸附; 2）在重金属离子存在下，对磺胺二甲嘧啶（SMN）在粉末活性炭上的水相吸附进行比较研究; 3）评估替代无机还原剂，以促进原地回收采矿场的铀（VI）的自养还原和固定; 4）对含微量金属和类金属化合物（如钒（V）、镍（Ni）、汞）进行元素形态分析（Hg/Hg（II））、砷（As（III）/As（V））和硫（S/S（II）/S（III））; 5）评估营养叶面喷洒对柑橘生产的影响; 6）评估通过过氧化氢增强氧化来减少燃烧烟气中汞的排放; 7）确定原子经济烯烃和炔官能化的均相催化剂的固定化。次级项目将使用LC-ICP-MS仪器：1）量化As（III）在MCZ吸附过程中转化为As（V）的情况; 2）量化SMN在粉末活性炭材料上吸附过程中的砷、锑和铜; 3）使用无机或有机还原剂量化碳酸铀酰浓度; 4）分析钒（V）、镍（Ni）、汞从Eagle福特页岩收集的原油和凝析气样品中的汞/汞（II）、砷（III）/砷（V）和硫（S/S（II）/S（III））形态; 5）测量螯合元素，如Ca、B、Cu和Si，其将作为叶面喷雾剂施加到葡萄柚幼叶; 6）提供更明显的汞物质分离并提高分析精度，导致更好的再现性和实验运行时间的优化;和7）监测来自通过烷基系链固定在全同立构丙烯/己烷共聚物或二氧化硅上的反应溶液的可能的催化剂浸出效果。子项目的结果将：1）提供一种替代方法，以去除和减轻在德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸淡水含水层中发现的具有潜在健康影响的As物质; 2）允许减轻通过牛和猪排泄释放到环境中的抗菌SMN药物的环境影响; 3）在德克萨斯州南部的铀原地回收（ISR）地点提供地下水恢复的过程; 4）允许理解物种对催化剂中毒机制的作用; 5）允许制定新的管理做法和指导方针，以种植更好地适应下格兰德河流域非生物和生物压力的作物; 6）帮助实施过氧化氢强化氧化，以产生可通过发电厂洗涤器吸收而去除的可溶性汞;和7）提供了对原子经济过程的深入了解，其不产生任何废物，因此对于工业应用非常重要。

1626157Camacho, LucyUnderstanding the occurrences and chemistry of metal species in the environment poses a research challenge to the areas of chemistry, agriculture, and chemical and environmental engineering. Elemental speciation is important because, for many elements, properties such as toxicity or nutrient value, mobility, and volatility, depend on the species or chemical form of the element present in the environment. A multidisciplinary group of faculty members from the Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Agriculture, Agribusiness, and Environmental Sciences departments at Texas A&M University-Kingsville (TAMUK) will conduct research, educational, and outreach activities using the LC-ICP-MS instrument. TAMUK is a Minority Serving Institution and is the only institution with an Environmental Engineering Ph.D. program in South Texas. This project will allow preparing STEM students, particularly Hispanic, with skills in conducting high quality and competitive research in critical interdisciplinary environmental areas. This project will allow TAMUK to attract inter-institutional research and education collaboration from other institutions in South Texas, particularly Texas A&M University in Corpus Christi (TAMUCC) and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV), since no other institution in the region possesses a hyphenated instrument for species identification and quantification and multi-element determination. This project will directly impact the research expertise of graduate and undergraduate Hispanic students at TAMUK and other research/educational institutions in South Texas. It is anticipated that more than 150 graduate students at TAMUK will become involved in laboratory-activities related to the instrument over the three years of the grant. Due to the strategic location of TAMUK in South Texas, the potential for international and interdisciplinary experiences for students exists, which will create a broader spectrum for future global collaboration. For this purpose, summer research exchange programs between institutions at the U.S.-México border will be promoted. This project will advance knowledge on speciation reactions that metal ions undergo in environmental systems due to natural and anthropogenic causes. This project is divided in seven sub-projects that will allow identifying problematic ion species present in a broad range of environments, as well as determining how to negate the toxicity and mitigate the effect of these ions species on the environment. The objectives of the sub-projects are to 1) determine the adsorption of As(III)/As(V) from brackish groundwater on manganese oxide-modified natural zeolite (MCZ); 2) conduct a comparative study of the aqueous-phase adsorption of sulfamethazine (SMN) onto powdered activated carbons in the presence of heavy metal ions; 3) evaluate alternative inorganic reductants for stimulating autotrophic reduction and immobilization of uranium (VI) at in-situ recovery mining sites; 4) conduct element speciation analysis of trace metal- and metalloid-containing compounds, such as vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg/Hg(II)), arsenic (As(III)/As(V)), and sulfur (S/S(II)/S(III)), in petroleum-related materials; 5) conduct an assessment of nutrient foliar spray impact on citrus production; 6) evaluate the reduction of combustion flue gas emissions of mercury by enhanced oxidation with hydrogen peroxide; and 7) determine the immobilization of homogeneous catalysts for atom economical alkene and alkyne functionalization. The LC-ICP-MS instrument will be used by the sub-projects to 1) quantify the transformation of As(III) into As(V) species during the adsorption on MCZ; 2) quantify arsenic, antimony and copper on the adsorption of SMN onto powder activated carbon materials; 3) quantify uranyl-carbonate concentrations by using inorganic or organic reductants; 4) analyze vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg/Hg(II)), arsenic (As(III)/As(V)), and sulfur (S/S(II)/S(III)) speciation in collected crude oil and gas condensate samples from the Eagle Ford Shale; 5) measure chelated elements, such as Ca, B, Cu, and Si that will be applied as foliar sprays to young grapefruit leaves; 6) provide a more distinct separation of mercury species and increase the analytical precision, resulting in better reproducibility and optimization of experimental runtimes; and 7) monitor possible catalyst leaching effects from reaction solutions immobilized by an alkyl tether on isotactic-propylene/hexane copolymer or silica. Results from the sub-projects will 1) provide an alternative method to remove and mitigate As species that have potential health effects and that have been found in fresh water aquifers in the Gulf Coast of Texas; 2) allow mitigate the environmental impact of antimicrobial SMN drug released to the environmental through excretion by cattle and swine; 3) provide a process for groundwater restoration at uranium in-situ recovery (ISR) sites in South Texas; 4) allow understanding the role that species have on catalyst poisoning mechanisms; 5) allow developing new management practices and guidelines for growing crops that are better adapted to abiotic and biotic stresses in the Lower Rio Grande Valley; 6) help implement enhanced oxidation with hydrogen peroxide to produce soluble species of mercury that can be removed by absorption from scrubbers in power plants; and 7) provide insight into atom economical processes, which do not generate any waste products and are therefore of great importance for industrial applications.