Quantitative genetics of learning and memory in Drosophila.

果蝇学习和记忆的定量遗传学。

• 批准号: 1654866
• 负责人: Elizabeth King
• 金额: $ 46.29万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1654866&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantitative; genetics; learning; memory; Drosophila.

There is adaptive value in the ability of animals to learn and remember based on experience. Understanding the genetics of natural variation that supports experience-dependent behavioral plasticity greatly expands our perspective on how variation in these traits arises within a species. Through a combination of molecular biological tools for examining and mapping genetic material and sophisticated behavioral assays, this research program identifies most or all of the large-impact positions on the chromosome, or loci, that affect learning and memory traits in a genetically tractable model organism, the fruit fly. The results advance our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie learning and memory in naturally varying populations. The project also provides research opportunities in neuroscience, genetics, and bioinformatics for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students, including students from groups generally under-represented in science and technology. Selection experiments have shown that natural genetic variants can play a critical role in the evolution of learning and memory. However, attempts to link specific variants to the selected traits have largely failed. Novel genetic panels and behavioral paradigms for Drosophila melanogaster now make it possible to better understand natural variants that are important for these traits on a genomic scale. The objectives of this proposal are addressed through two specific aims. Aim 1: Fully characterize loci that are important for Place learning and memory. Aim 2: Determine whether specific genetic loci that impact Place learning and memory also influence Olfactory learning and memory. To achieve these aims, a newly developed high-resolution quantitative genetic panel is applied to a set of behavioral problems that have traditionally been examined separately and with different approaches. Different from previous work, this program examines learning and memory in both classical and operant conditioning paradigms to test the hypothesis that there are common core natural genetic variants that influence learning and memory in general. By identifying and validating key genetic variants that influence place and olfactory learning and memory, the proposed experiments significantly improve our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of learning and memory in natural populations. Results provide critical insights into the natural genetic variants that influence learning and memory in multiple contexts, and into the evolution of learning and memory.

动物根据经验学习和记忆的能力具有适应性价值。了解支持依赖于经验的行为可塑性的自然变异的遗传学，极大地扩展了我们对这些特征的变异如何在物种内产生的看法。通过结合用于检查和绘制遗传物质图谱的分子生物学工具以及复杂的行为分析，该研究项目确定了染色体或基因座上的大部分或全部影响较大的位置，这些位置影响遗传易处理的模式生物（果蝇）的学习和记忆特征。这些结果增进了我们对自然变化人群学习和记忆基础机制的理解。 该项目还为高中生、本科生和研究生提供神经科学、遗传学和生物信息学的研究机会，包括来自科学和技术领域普遍代表性不足的群体的学生。 选择实验表明，自然遗传变异可以在学习和记忆的进化中发挥关键作用。然而，将特定变体与选定特征联系起来的尝试基本上失败了。果蝇的新型基因组和行为范例现在可以更好地理解对基因组规模上的这些性状很重要的自然变异。该提案的目标通过两个具体目标来实现。目标 1：充分表征对位置学习和记忆很重要的基因座。目标 2：确定影响位置学习和记忆的特定基因位点是否也影响嗅觉学习和记忆。为了实现这些目标，新开发的高分辨率定量遗传面板应用于一系列传统上通过不同方法单独检查的行为问题。与之前的工作不同，该项目检查了经典条件反射范式和操作条件反射范式中的学习和记忆，以检验以下假设：存在一般影响学习和记忆的共同核心自然遗传变异。通过识别和验证影响位置和嗅觉学习和记忆的关键遗传变异，所提出的实验显着提高了我们对自然群体学习和记忆的遗传基础的理解。结果提供了对在多种情况下影响学习和记忆的自然遗传变异以及学习和记忆进化的重要见解。

项目成果

Sex: The End Is All You Need

性：结束就是你所需要的

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.013
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Current Biology
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: Mishra, Aditi;Zars, Troy
• 通讯作者: Zars, Troy

Learning to collaborate: bringing together behavior and quantitative genomics

学习协作：将行为和定量基因组学结合起来

• DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2019.1710145
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Neurogenetics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Williams-Simon, Patricka A.;Ganesan, Mathangi;King, Elizabeth G.
• 通讯作者: King, Elizabeth G.

A biographical sketch of Troy D. Zars (1967–2018)

特洛伊·D·扎尔斯 (Troy D. Zars) 的传记草图（1967 年至 2018 年）

• DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1716749
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Neurogenetics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Gerber, Bertram;King, Elizabeth G.;Sitaraman, Divya
• 通讯作者: Sitaraman, Divya

Diverse biological processes coordinate the transcriptional response to nutritional changes in a Drosophila melanogaster multiparent population

• DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6467-6
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: BMC Genomics
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: E. Ng’oma;Patricka A. Williams-Simon;Aniqa Rahman;Elizabeth G. King

Future perspectives of neurogenetics – in honor of Troy D. Zars (1967–2018)

神经遗传学的未来展望 — 纪念 Troy D. Zars（1967 年 — 2018 年）

• DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1715975
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Neurogenetics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Gerber, Bertram;King, Elizabeth G.;Schulz, David;Tanimoto, Hiromu;Waddell, Scott;Wu, Chun-Fang
• 通讯作者: Wu, Chun-Fang