Market Control and Politics.The International Cartel of Oil Corporations 1960-1980

市场控制与政治。国际石油公司卡特尔 1960-1980

基本信息

项目摘要

Historical and economic research often assumes that the liberalization of trade and neo-liberal policies during the second half of the 20th century led to a decreased significance of cartels as a form of economic organization. However, the development of international commodity markets shows that this thesis is disputable. The project deals with the world oil market between 1960 and 1980 and makes the international oil companies the focus of the analysis. During this period, seven large corporations controlled the world oil market and hence one of the most important markets of the postwar period. Although oil companies did not formally establish cartel agreements immediately following World War II, they did continue to make informal arrangements concerning the prices and production of oil. By 1960 their strong market regime was repeatedly challenged by the rise of new market stakeholders, largely due to the establishment of independent cartel enterprises but also as a result of an increased political relevance of the oil market. With the formation of the Organization of Oil Exporting Countries (OPEC) a second, state-run cartel, which claimed the rights of usage, production and profit, the landscape of the oil market was perpetually altered. The project analyzes how oil companies positioned themselves within shifting market circumstances between 1960 and 1980 and which strategies they pursued to maintain their dominant position. The central argument of the project contends that the changes and the new competition on the oil market spurred reinforced cooperation between large international oil companies. Even the alleged tipping point of the 1973/74 oil price crisis did not change this constellation.Building on a systematic and archival-based analysis of the involved corporations, the project explains the emergence and transformation of international commodity markets after the Second World War. Furthermore, it makes a contribution to the empirical analysis of international cartels.
历史和经济研究往往假设,20世纪下半叶的贸易自由化和新自由主义政策导致卡特尔作为一种经济组织形式的重要性降低。然而,国际大宗商品市场的发展表明,这一论断是有争议的。该项目涉及1960-1980年间的世界石油市场,并将国际石油公司作为分析的重点。在此期间,七家大公司控制着世界石油市场,因此是战后最重要的市场之一。尽管石油公司在第二次世界大战后没有立即正式建立卡特尔协议,但它们确实继续就石油价格和产量作出非正式安排。到1960年,它们强大的市场制度一再受到新市场利益攸关方崛起的挑战,这主要是由于建立了独立的卡特尔企业,但也是石油市场政治相关性增强的结果。随着石油输出国组织(欧佩克)第二个国有卡特尔的成立,该组织声称拥有使用权、生产权和利润权,石油市场的格局被永久性地改变了。该项目分析了石油公司在1960至1980年间如何在不断变化的市场环境中定位自己,以及它们采取了哪些战略来保持主导地位。该项目的核心论点是,石油市场的变化和新的竞争刺激了大型国际石油公司之间加强合作。即使1973/74年石油价格危机的所谓转折点也没有改变这一星座。该项目基于对相关公司的系统和基于档案的分析,解释了第二次世界大战后国际大宗商品市场的出现和转变。此外,对国际卡特尔的实证分析也有所贡献。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Marktmacht und Politik
市场力量与政治
  • DOI:
    10.1515/9783110637359
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Wiebke Glässer
  • 通讯作者:
    Wiebke Glässer
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Professor Dr. Alexander Nützenadel其他文献

Professor Dr. Alexander Nützenadel的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Alexander Nützenadel', 18)}}的其他基金

Managing Expectations. Consultancy and Corporate Decision-Making in Germany after 1965
管理期望。
  • 批准号:
    415959841
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Expectation and Experience. A History of Economic Future (Synthesis Project)
期望和经历。
  • 批准号:
    415959756
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Industrial Policy in Japan during the Postwar Boom. Business, Government and International Technology Transfer 1955-1973
战后繁荣时期日本的产业政策。
  • 批准号:
    400896132
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Expectation and Forecast. Business Cycle Research in the United States, Germany and the Netherlands, 1920-1960
期望和预测。
  • 批准号:
    275757112
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Coordination Funds
协调基金
  • 批准号:
    275769136
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Staging work in the corporatist state.Visual propaganda in Fascist Italy and in Peronist Argentina in a transnational perspective (1922-1955)
在社团主义国家中开展工作。跨国视角下的法西斯意大利和庇隆主义阿根廷的视觉宣传(1922-1955)
  • 批准号:
    225520915
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Getreidehandel, Bankgeschäft und die Formierung des deutsch-jüdischen Wirtschaftsbürgertums in Berlin (1850-1933)
柏林的粮食贸易、银行业和德国犹太人经济公民身份的形成(1850-1933)
  • 批准号:
    204555292
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Programmare il miracolo economico? Industriepolitik in Italien zwischen Boom und Krise (1958-1973)
经济奇迹计划?
  • 批准号:
    123578791
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Towards a New Fiscal Contract.Taxes, Inflation, and Politics in Italy (ca. 1960-1990)
迈向新的财政契约。意大利的税收、通货膨胀和政治(约 1960-1990 年)
  • 批准号:
    531885424
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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