The metallurgy of the bronze age artifacts from the Shaitanska site (north of Ekaterinburg) of the Sejmo-Turbino type in Eurasia

在欧亚大陆，从公元前2000年左右开始，在芬兰和阿拉泰山脉之间的森林地带发现了广泛的地理区域的塞玛-图尔比诺类型的文物，这两种文物在类型上是相同的。它们就像Tüllenbeile(Soket Axes)一样，是一种令人惊讶的高级类型学发展。自2004年以来，在乌拉尔山脉以东，沙伊坦斯卡湖(OzerII)上的一个新遗址开始为人所知，在那里出土了130多件Sejma-Turbino类型的金属文物。我们在辛塔什塔文化加固聚居区的跨乌拉尔地区的研究表明，首先对文物和矿石进行了地球化学分析。在这项申请中，将对50件选定的人工制品和10个矿石样品进行地球化学分析。它的目标是从Sejma-Turbino文物中获得第一个大系列数据。这些数据将作为与南部外乌拉尔地区进行比较的基础，并与波鸿的Thomas Stöllner领导的研究小组合作，对新数据进行评估，并与哈萨克斯坦的许多矿石和人工制品分析一起进行比较。在乌拉尔和阿拉泰之间的这些大空间中，获得有关矿床的同位素特征、分布和金属分布网络的第一手基础数据和信息是一个重要的目标。第二个目标是锡合金相对于砷合金的开端问题。最后要根据铅同位素数据研究的是，Sejma-Turbino类型人工产物的起始物质在多大程度上可以归因于不同的区域矿源，以及是否可以获得关于该人工产物群扩散机制的陈述。

In Eurasia are found in the forest zone between Finland and the Altai mountains over a wide geographical area from around 2000 BC and in the first half of the 2nd millennium artifacts of the type Sejma-Turbino, which are typologically the same. They have like the Tüllenbeile (soket axes) a surprisingly advanced typological development. Since 2004, east of the Urals, a new site on the Shajtanska Lake (Ozero II) is getting known, where more than 130 metal artifacts were excavated from the type Sejma-Turbino. Our research in the Trans-Urals in the area of the fortified settlements of the Sintashta culture have shown first geochemical analyzes of artifacts and ores. In this application 50 selected artifacts and 10 ore samples shall be analyzed geochemically. It is the aim to get a first large series of data from Sejma-Turbino artefacts. The data shall be the basis for comparison with the southern Trans-Urals and in collaboration with the research group led by Thomas Stöllner from Bochum, the new data should be evaluated and compared together with the many ore and artifact analysis from Kazakhstan. It is an important goal to get first basic data and information on the isotopic character of the ore deposits, on the distribution and on the networks of the metal distribution in these large spaces between Ural and Altai. A second objective is the question of the beginning of tin alloys in relation to arsenic alloys. Last to be studied based on the lead isotope data, is the extent to which the starting material of the artifacts of the type Sejma-Turbino can be attributed to different regional ore sources and if statements can be obtained on the mechanism of spread of this artifact group.