The metallurgy of the bronze age artifacts from the Shaitanska site (north of Ekaterinburg) of the Sejmo-Turbino type in Eurasia

在欧亚大陆，在芬兰和阿尔泰山脉之间的森林地带发现了大约公元前2000年的广阔地理区域，以及在第二个千年的上半年，Sejma-Turbino类型的文物，它们在类型上是相同的。它们像Tüllenbeile（soket axes）一样有着令人惊讶的先进类型学发展。自2004年以来，在乌拉尔东部的Shajtanska湖（Ozero II）上的一个新遗址越来越为人所知，在那里从Sejma-Turbino类型中挖掘出了130多件金属文物。我们在跨乌拉尔地区的辛塔什塔文化的强化定居点的研究已经显示了第一个文物和矿石的地球化学分析。在本申请中，应对50个选定的人工制品和10个矿石样品进行地球化学分析。目的是从Sejma-Turbino文物中获得第一个大型系列数据。这些数据将作为与南乌拉尔山脉进行比较的基础，并与来自波鸿的托马斯斯特尔纳领导的研究小组合作，对新数据进行评估，并与来自哈萨克斯坦的许多矿石和人工制品分析进行比较。重要的目标是获得关于矿床同位素特征、分布和乌拉尔和阿尔泰之间这些大空间中金属分布网络的第一批基本数据和信息。第二个目标是锡合金相对于砷合金的起始问题。最后要研究的基础上的铅同位素数据，是在何种程度上的原始材料的类型Sejma-Turbino的文物可以归因于不同的区域矿石来源，如果声明可以获得的机制，这个文物组的蔓延。

In Eurasia are found in the forest zone between Finland and the Altai mountains over a wide geographical area from around 2000 BC and in the first half of the 2nd millennium artifacts of the type Sejma-Turbino, which are typologically the same. They have like the Tüllenbeile (soket axes) a surprisingly advanced typological development. Since 2004, east of the Urals, a new site on the Shajtanska Lake (Ozero II) is getting known, where more than 130 metal artifacts were excavated from the type Sejma-Turbino. Our research in the Trans-Urals in the area of the fortified settlements of the Sintashta culture have shown first geochemical analyzes of artifacts and ores. In this application 50 selected artifacts and 10 ore samples shall be analyzed geochemically. It is the aim to get a first large series of data from Sejma-Turbino artefacts. The data shall be the basis for comparison with the southern Trans-Urals and in collaboration with the research group led by Thomas Stöllner from Bochum, the new data should be evaluated and compared together with the many ore and artifact analysis from Kazakhstan. It is an important goal to get first basic data and information on the isotopic character of the ore deposits, on the distribution and on the networks of the metal distribution in these large spaces between Ural and Altai. A second objective is the question of the beginning of tin alloys in relation to arsenic alloys. Last to be studied based on the lead isotope data, is the extent to which the starting material of the artifacts of the type Sejma-Turbino can be attributed to different regional ore sources and if statements can be obtained on the mechanism of spread of this artifact group.