Screening of food factors that target the quality control system of mitochondria

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We screened the food factors that enhance the autophagic degradation leading to mitochondrial quality control. In HeLa cells, luteolin and the derivatives significantly enhanced the autophagic degradation of p62, an adaptor protein of autophagy. In contrast, in J774.1 macrophages, the mRNA expression of p62 was significantly enhanced upon treatment with flavonols such as quercetin, whereas no effects were observed upon treatment with luteolin derivatives. These results strongly suggest that the activities of polyphenols for autophagy induction are dependent on cell types. It was also found that p62 mRNA expression was enhanced through the activation of Nrf2, a transcription factor. Furthermore, the pretreatment of J774.1 with flavonols resulted in the decrease in both intracellular and extracellular IL-1beta, an autophagy substrate. These results suggest that autophagy induction by polyphenols might be good strategy for the quality control of intracellular proteins and organelles.