Development of new serodiagnostic method for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) and vaccine development against HFRS.

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We have been engaged for the last three years in the development of the method for the serodiagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) virus, and also on the preliminary study of inactivated vaccine against HFRS.1)development of new diagnostic method for HFRS; The immunofluorescent (IF) technique has been used to detect antibody against HFRS virus in human and rodent sera. We started to develop new serodiagnostic methods such as neutralizing antibody (NT) test, hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, and ELISA test. First, peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining was applied for counting foci induced by HFRS virus. This method is more convenient than plaque formation method for NT test. Second, hemagglutinating antigen was prepared from HFRS virus-infected cell fluid, and this antigen was applied for HI test. Strong cross-reactions among various virus strains were demonstrated by HI test. Finally, antibody captured ELISA test was developed, and IF, HI and ELISA tests were compared to detect antibodies. ELISA and IF tests were more sensitive than HI test, but HI test was easier than other two.2)development of vaccine: we have isolated monoclonal antibodies to analyse antigens of HFRS viruses. Two glycoproteins(G1, G2) were indentified on the viral virion, which correlated with NT and HI activities. Next, various HFRS viruses were inoculated to newborn mice or rats, and it could be found that the virulence of HFRS viruses is variable, depending on the species of infected animals as well as the viruses. Finally, inactivated vaccine was prepared from mice brains, and NT antibodies were induced in mice immunized with vaccine. It can be expected to be used as a vaccine for human and rodent after further experiments in animals.