On the production, fusion, and function of pollen protoplasts

本文研究了高等植物成熟花粉原生质体的酶法分离、培养、融合及细胞壁再生后的功能表达。1.被子植物花粉原生质体的分离。在100余种植物中，双子叶植物有8种获得了原生质体，单子叶植物有31种有27种获得了原生质体。在百合原生质体融合过程中，细胞壁再生、花粉管伸长和生殖细胞分裂均表现正常。花粉管数目多为1个，营养核早于花粉管。在不同种间原生质体融合中，融合体中通常只长出一根花粉管; 4.在花粉与叶肉原生质体融合中，细胞壁再生后具有花粉功能; 5.利用气动粒子枪在麝香百合花粉中成功表达了β-葡萄糖醛酸酶基因。

Enzymatic isolation of protoplasts from mature pollen in various species of higher plants, their culture and fusion and their functional expression after the regeneration of cell wall were studied.1.Isolation of protoplasts from pollen in Angiosperms. The protoplasts were obtained from 8 dicotyledon species within more than 100 species tried, whereas 27 within 31 species in monocotyleadons.2.In Lilium longiflorum, pollen protoplasts were cultured for 2 days and placed on the stigma. Pollen tubes elongated into their pistil through ovary, and resulted in the seed formation.3.In fusion of lily protoplasts, the regeneration of cell wall, elongation of pollen tubes and the division of generative cells showed normal behavior. The number of of pollen tubes was usally one, and vegetative nuclei preceeded in the tubes. In protoplast fusion between defferent species, usually one pollen tube elongated from the fusion body.4.In fusion between pollen and mesohyll protoplasts, the function as pollen was expressed after the regeneration of cell wall.5.A b-glucuronidase gene was successfully expressed in pollen of Lilium longiflorum using a pneumatic particle gun.