Mode Conversion Phenomena of Electromagnetic Waves in a Magnetized Plasma

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An slsctromagnetic wave of ordinary mode (O-mode) at frequency near the second electron cyclotron harmonic is obliquely incident on an overdense (<omega>_p><omega>) large-volume plasma. Two -dimensional measurements of wave propagations suggest the cascade mode-conversion; the first conversion from O-mode to X-mode at the critical density (<omega>=<omega>_p),and the second conversion from X-mode to Bernstein mode at the upper hybrid resonance.For high power incidence,electron heating takes place locally around the upper hybrid layer where the intense Bernstein-mode signals are detected.The heating is observed only for <omega>_p><omega>,supporting the cascade mode-conversion.