A study for the Everyday Concept of Intelligence

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The purpose of this project was to examine the everyday concept of intelligence.1. The present study asked Japanese and American College students to think of 2 highly intelligent person they know (male and female), and a person who is not charactristically intelligent. Subjects were father asked to rate each of those three as to how he/she fits to each of 32 discriptions of behavioral characteristics. The items which distinguishes intelligent and unintelligent targets and male and female targets were identified for each culture. Several cultural differences were pointed out.2. To examine the concept of intelligence among the adolescence, the subjects(15 years old) were asked to rate the items of behavioral characteristics. There were similiar sex-differences.3. A test for the ability to infer mother's emotion was made. It is composed by 9 situational pictures. It suggests a scale of intellectual and emotional development.4. Visual search experiments were performed to investigate the effects of riskless and riskful conditions on the search strategies.