A Cognitive Construct of Motivation in JAPAN

日本动机的认知结构

• 批准号: 07451035
• 负责人: AZUMA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: Shirayuri College
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07451035/
• 关键词: cross-cultural study; motivation; goal; self-efficacy; cultural norms; self; 意欲; 自己認知; 効力感; 目標設定; 日本的意欲; 認知

This study aimed at exploring ways in which Japanese motivation is shaped and constituted by cultural practices and collective meanings. Three studies are conducted in Japanese to determine the nature of dynamic system of interdependent motivation in Japan. 1)Cutural Aspects of the Goal-Japan VS US comparison. From content analysis of description of 20years latter and 7years later, Japanese subjects described their future with unclear and vague sentences while American subjects described their future with clear and goal-oriented sentences. Also, Japanese showed clear tendency of process-oriented with effort. 2)In study 2, we examined high school students about their beliefs about the academic performance with CAMI instruments and Japanese items which included interpersonal efficacy items. The results showed that Japanese subjects showed high correlation with academic performance and interpersonal items. The importance of relation concerned efficacy was pronounced among Japanee students. 3)As to the relationship between Japanese cultural norms and Japanese way of self-making, we analyzed the content of free essays concerning their past life. In most of those essays, Japanese cultural moral norms, Hansei, scripts were shown.Those results support to the hypothesis that Japanese construct of motivation highly related their interpersonal relationship and cultural norms.

本研究旨在探讨日本人的动机是如何被文化实践和集体意义所塑造和构成的。本文用日语进行了三项研究，以确定日本相互依赖动机动力系统的性质。1)目标的文化方面——日本与美国的比较。从20年后和7年后描述的内容分析来看，日本被试对未来的描述用的是不清晰、模糊的句子，而美国被试对未来的描述用的是清晰、有目的性的句子。日本人也表现出明显的过程导向和努力倾向。2)在研究2中，我们使用CAMI工具和日语项目（包括人际效能感项目）调查高中生对学业成绩的信念。结果表明，日语被试在学业成绩和人际关系项目上表现出较高的相关性。在日本学生中，效能关系的重要性显著。3)关于日本文化规范与日本人的自我创造方式之间的关系，我们分析了关于他们过去生活的自由散文的内容。在这些文章中，大部分都展示了日本文化道德规范“韩生”的文字。这些结果支持了日本人动机建构与人际关系和文化规范高度相关的假设。

项目成果

Karasawa, et al: "Japanese children's beliefs about school performance and Actual school performance" Developmental Research. vol.11. 79-86 (1995)

Karasawa 等人：“日本儿童对学校表现的信念和实际学校表现”发展研究。

Mayumi Karasawa,et.al: "Japanese Children's Action Control Beliefs about School Performance" International Journal of Behavioral Development. 20,3. (1997)

Mayumi Karasawa 等人：“日本儿童对学校表现的行为控制信念”国际行为发展杂志。

Mashima, M., Karasawa, M., Yeh, C., & Azuma, H.: "A US-Japan comparison of the process of completing imperfect moral episodes" Developmental Research. vol.11. 87-100 (1995)

真岛，M.，唐泽，M.，叶，C.，

真島 真里 他: "道徳的挿話における前後文脈産出" 発達研究. 11. 87-100 (1995)

Mari Mashima 等人：“道德小插曲中的情境产生”发展研究 11. 87-100 (1995)。

真島真里、Christine Yeh、唐澤真弓、東洋: "道徳的挿話における前後文脈産出-内容分析の方法と結果の概説-" 発達研究. 11. 66-87 (1995)

Mari Mashima、Christine Yeh、Mayumi Karasawa、Toyo：“道德小插曲中的语境生成 - 内容分析方法和结果概述”发展研究。11. 66-87 (1995)。