Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Using Novel Multi-Chain Surfactants with Two Hydrophilic Groups

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1.Eight multi-chain surfactants having two hydrophilic groups were synthesized. These compounds were bis(sulfonate)-type surfactants derived from diglycidyl ethers of ethylene glycol (1), 1,3-propanediol (2), 2,2-dimethl-1,3-propanediol (3), hydroquinone (4) and N-dodecanoyl-diethanolamine (5), a bis(carboxylate)-type (6) and a bis(sulfate)-type (7) surfactants derived from ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and a bis(carboxylate)-type surfactant (8) from 2,2-didodecyl-1,3-propanediol.2.Eight monosubstituted naphthalene derivatives as model analytes could be baseline separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using those surfactants as micelle-forming reagents, though 5 could not resolve 1-naphthol and 1-nitronaphthalene. The elution order of the analytes in MEKC with the bis (carboxylate)-type surfactants, 6 and 8 was different from that found with the other surfactants mentioned above. These multi-chain surfactants exhibited the remarkably different selectivities, compared with the elution order with a single-chain surfactant, SDS,used widely in MEKC.3.The MEKC separation of five flavone derivatives, which were not completely resolved with SDS,were also performed. These analytes could be readily baseline separated with 5.0X10^<-3> M4,5 or 6. The elution order of the flavone derivatives with 4,5 and 6 was also different from that with SDS.4.The multi-chain surfactants used here exhibited the remarkably different selectivities of the naphthalene and flavone derivatives in MEKC ; Their separations could be performed with the multi-chain surfactants at considerably lower concentrations, compared with single-chain SDS.