A Master Plan on an Analysis of Actual Conditions of Punishment and Its Reforms in an Changing Society

(1)在全国范围内调查和建立惩戒机构和康复援助旅馆数据库。为了统一调查，我们制定了《机构调查格式》，对全国的惩教机构进行了检查，并就日本等国家的立法实际情况和新趋势，采访了惩教机构的原工作人员、对机构提起诉讼的当事人、律师等。通过这些调查，我们发现目前惩教机构面临的最大问题是人满为患。因此，有可能将机构的安全视为最终目标，而忽略了对囚犯的待遇。日本建立了一个数据库，整理了日本国内外互联网上提供的信息。此外，我们还收集了非政府组织的年度报告，这些报告是欧洲人权法院的重要先例。最后，我们完成了一个关于现代监狱…的年表(2)对现行制度及其应用的评估和分析，并提出了一个“替代方案”：我们修订了我们的“1996年刑事承诺法大纲草案”，该草案是本协会作为“拟议的国家刑罚机构法案”(“2002年新的刑事承诺法大纲草案”)的替代方案而提出的。在修订大纲草案时，我们注意到日本的新趋势，如近年来非政府组织的积极活动和对行政机构公开性的日益增强的意识。我们修改的要点是，我们采取了公民参与服刑人员待遇的形式，并引入了公民作为看守所待遇的第三方观察员。这是解决我国机构存在的问题的一种尝试，也是为了与社会一起运作机构，向社会问责。我们还审查了2002年新起草的《刑事承诺法纲要》是否有可能运行这一制度。为此，我们起草了一个模拟，想象几个囚犯从监禁到假释。(3)宣传研究成果并组织研讨会：为了宣传我们的成果，我们开设了一个社会网站。2002年3月9日，我们在和成大学举办了题为“21世纪的刑罚制度--全球标准和公民参与”的研讨会。较少

(1) Investigating and Making a Database on Penal Institutions and Rehabilitation Aid Hostels Nationwide. : To unify investigations, we framed a "Format for Investigations of Institutions", and inspected penal institutions nationwide, in addition, we interviewed former personnel of penal institutions, parties filing law suits against institutions, lawyers etc., on the actual conditions and new trend of legislations in Japan and other countries. By conducting these investigations, we have found that the largest problem facing penal institutions now is overcrowding. On that account, there is a possibility that securities of institutions are considered as the ultimate goal, leaving treatment of inmates neglected.A database was made, putting in order informations offered on the internet inside and outside Japan. In addition, we have collected annual reports of NGOs, important precedents of the European Court of Human Rights. Finally, we have completed a chronological table on modern prison … More reforms in Japan up to the year 2001.(2) Evaluation and Analysis of Actual System and Its Application, and Presenting an "Alternative Scheme": We have revised our "Draft Synopsis of Penal Commitment Act 1996" which was presented by our society as an alternative to the "The Proposed National Penal Institution Bills" ("New Draft Synopsis of Penal Commitment Act 2002"). On revising our Draft Synopsis, we took notice of new trends in Japan, such as active operations of NGOs in recent years and a growing consciousness to the openness of administrative agencies. Major points of revision we have made were that we adopted a form in which citizens participate in the treatment of inmates, and introduced citizens as third-party observers of treatment in institutions. This is an attempt to solve problems that our institutions have, and it also aims at operating institutions with the society and holding accountability to the society.We also scrutinized whether it will be possible to operate the system with our New Draft Synopsis of Penal Commitment Act 2002. To that end, we drew up a simulation, imagining several inmates from their incarceration up to the parole.(3) Publicizing Outcome of Research and Organizing a Symposium: To publicize our outcome, we opened a website of our society. On 9th March, 2002, we held a symposium "Penal Institutions in the 21st Century - Global Standards and Citizen Participation" at Hosei University. Less