Genetic and ecological diversity of a rare freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera laevis with reference to its conservation plan

珍稀淡水珍珠贻贝Margaritifera laevis遗传与生态多样性及其保护计划

• 批准号: 17580151
• 负责人: GOTO Akira
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580151/
• 关键词: Freshwater pearl mussel; Host-parasite association; Genetic population structure; Habitat preference; Evolutionary significant unit; Conservation plan; カワシンジュガイ; 遺伝的多様性; 生態的多様性; 生活史特性; 好適生息環境; 種判別法

To elucidate the biological diversity and make a conservation plan for an endangered freshwater mussel. Margaritifera laevis, the genetic diversity of the local populations, habitat preference of each local population and host-parasite relationships between the glochidia of this mussel and salmonid species were examined in this study and the following results were obtained.1. Allozyme and mtDNA analyses revealed two highly divergent groups (Group A and B) with on evidence of hybridization between the groups which were sympatrically distributed, suggesting the existence of reproductive isolation between them. As for genetic diversity, group A showed considerable genetic variations among populations, whereas group B showed no any genetic variation.2. Species identification of glochidia by using specific mtDNA markers indicated that the glochidia of group A parasitized only the gill of Oncorhynchus masou, whereas those of group B parasitized the gill of Salvelinus leucomaenis and S. malma.3. The field ecological survey revealed that water current and bottom substratum were important environmental factors limited to survival for the two groups of M laevis.4. To conserve the local populations of two groups of M. laevis, an active conservation plan including the maintenance of good host-parasite association and restoration of good stream bottom conditions on which the glochidia were possible to settle down was proposed in this study.

阐明濒临灭绝的淡水贻贝的生物多样性并制定保护计划。本研究对当地种群的遗传多样性、当地种群的生境偏好以及该贻贝和鲑科鱼的钩状体之间的宿主-寄生虫关系进行了研究，并获得了以下结果。 1．同种异型酶和线粒体DNA分析揭示了两个高度分化的群体（A组和B组），并且有证据表明，同域分布的群体之间存在杂交，表明它们之间存在生殖隔离。从遗传多样性来看，A组群体间存在较大的遗传变异，而B组则没有任何遗传变异。2．利用特异mtDNA标记对钩毛虫进行物种鉴定，A组钩毛虫仅寄生在虹鳟的鳃上，而B组钩毛虫则寄生在红点鲑和S. malma的鳃上。 3．野外生态调查表明，水流和底层基质是限制两类非洲鳅生存的重要环境因素。 4．为了保护当地的两个群体的滑鼠种群，本研究提出了一项积极的保护计划，包括维持良好的寄主-寄生虫关联和恢复良好的河底条件，使钩毛虫能够在其上定居。

项目成果

Flexible life history strategies of ninespine sticklebacks, genus Pungitius

• DOI: 10.1007/s10641-005-3221-5
• 发表时间: 2005-09-01
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Arai, T;Goto, A
• 通讯作者: Goto, A

Evolutionary history of freshwater sculpins, genus Cottus (Teleostei ; Cottidae) and its related taxa, as inferred from mitochondrial DNA phylogeny.

根据线粒体 DNA 系统发育推断淡水杜父父鱼、Cottus 属（Teleostei；Cottidae）及其相关类群的进化史。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36
• 作者: Yokoyama;R.;A.Goto
• 通讯作者: A.Goto

A part of the Japan Sea form of threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, spawns in the seawater tidal pools of westernHokkaido Island, Japan

日本海三刺刺鱼 Gasterosteus aculeatus 在日本北海道岛西部的海水潮汐池中产卵

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Env. Biol. Fish 77
• 作者: Kume;M.;T. Kuwahara;T. Arai;Y. Okamoto and A. Goto
• 通讯作者: Y. Okamoto and A. Goto

Takifugu obscurus is a euryhaline fugu species very close to Takifugu rubripes and suitable forstuding osmoregulation.

暗纹东方鲀是一种与红鳍东方鲀非常接近的广盐性河豚种，适合用于渗透调节。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: BMS Physiology 5
• 作者: Kato;A.et al.(the 4th of 5 authors)
• 通讯作者: A.et al.(the 4th of 5 authors)

Resource partitioning and asymmetric competition between sympatric freshwater and Omono types of ninespine stickleback, Pungitius pungltius.

同域淡水和奥莫诺类型九刺棘鱼、Pungitius pungltius 之间的资源分配和不对称竞争。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Canadian Journal of Zoology 85
• 作者: Tsuruta;T.;A. Goto
• 通讯作者: A. Goto