Origin and Biodiversity of Fishes in Far East Russia and Northern Japan

为了阐明俄罗斯远东沿海海洋鱼类和淡水鱼类的物种多样性、分类学问题、系统动物地理学、形态生态特有、繁殖系统、系统发育关系和扩散路线，1997-1999年在阿穆尔河、勒拿河、图姆宁河和佩里斯岛进行了多次考察。通过考察和实验室工作，获得了以下重要发现。1)通过潜水观察交配行为，发现侧耳鱼属、半翅目鱼属和红尾鱼属鱼类的生殖系统为非交配系统。2)在马加丹附近近海海域发现1种未记述的若虫科，另有1种未记述的棉科Radulinopsis属和1种未记述的粘虫科Eumesogrammus属。3)根据等位酶和mtDNA序列数据，分别推测了Lethenteron属、Tribolodon属、Pungitius属和Cottus属的系统发育关系。4)在俄罗斯远东淡水中发现了两个新的遗传支系(Primor‘e型和Skhalin-Okhotsk型)。5)在日本海附近发现了石龙科和摩擦科的物种。6)两个棉属种--扁穗毛虫和卡齐卡棉花属均为单系种，表明卡齐卡棉属种不是单系种系，而是副系系群。

To elucidate the species diversity, taxonomic problems, syatematic zoogeography, morpho-ecological endemisms, reproductive systems, phylogenetic relationships and dispersal routes of coastal marine fishes and freshwater fishes in the Far East Russia, several expeditions were carried out in the Amur River, Lena River, Tumnin River and Peris Island during the three years from 1997 to 1999. Through the expeditions and laboratory works, following important findings were obtained. 1) The reproductive systems of some Cottid fishes belonging to the genus Pleurogrammus, Hemitripterus and Radulinopsis were found tobe non-copulating one by diving observations of their mating behavior. 2) An undescribed species of Zoarcidae was recorded from the coastal waters near Magadan, and another undescribed species of the genus Radulinopsis of Cottidae and the genus Eumesogrammus of Stichaeidae were also recorded from shallow sea areas of southern Premor'e. 3) The phylogenetic relationships among the species belonging to the genus Lethenteron, Tribolodon, Pungitius and Cottus were respectiveiy inferred from allozyme and mtDNA sequence data. 4) Within the genus Pungitius, two genetic clades (the Primor'e type and Skhalin-Okhotsk type) were newly detected from the freshwaters of Far East Russia. 5) The species of Lethenteron and Tribolodon are shown to have speciated around the Sea of Japan. 6) The two Cottid species, Trachidermus fasciatus and Cottus kazika , were shown to be monophyletic, suggesting that the Cottus species are not monophyletic but a paraphyletic group.