Role of Govemment Research Institutions in Japan's National Innovation System

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1. The purpose of the research is to analyze empirically the role of govemment research institution in a national innovation system.2. Research in 2002 was based on the following research in 2001.【encircled 1】To collect basic statistics and information on research funding and expenditure, number of researchers, their share in Japanese R＆D as a whole, govemment policies towards govemment research institutions, and related govemment budget.【encircled 2】Number of patents owned by govemment research institutions, and their use, licensing, and co-ownership with industry. 【encircled 3】Activities of research institutions under AIST in Tsukuba area, especially, their relationship with industry. 【encircled 4】Interview with govemment ministries about their view on the current relationship between govemment research institutions and industry. Based on this preliminary research, the following findings were made by the research conducted in 2002. 【encircled 1】Budget and the number of researchers at govemment research institutions remained stable for the last two decades. 【encircled 2】A side from the alterations of the names and consolidations of few institutions, little organizational change has been done until the "agencification" of govemment research institutions in 2002.【encircled 3】The identity of govemment research institutions became unclear as their position is between universities that conduct basic research and large firms and startups with strong research capabilities. 【encircled 4】Among the patents owned by govemment research institutions, jointly owned patents between govemment research institutions and industry were used more.