Analysis of the life structure by the life hour research and study of the day-care center and nursery system

要追求男女平等，促进妇女独立，就必须实现男女有偿劳动和无偿劳动的平等。然而，没有护理的社会化，妇女的社会进步是不可能实现的。本研究试图通过对日本、瑞典、英国和美国托儿所工作父母的实际生活时间状况的调查，了解托儿所和托儿所的有偿工作和无偿工作的状况。这项研究和研究的结果是，在这些国家中的任何一个国家，父亲花在有偿工作上的时间都比母亲多。简而言之，在这些国家中的任何一个国家，母亲都会因此花更多的时间在无偿工作上。在这些国家，母亲比父亲得到更多的育儿假，甚至在瑞典也是如此。在这些国家，它了解到母亲获得育儿假后，母亲的无偿工作增加的趋势是相同的。但日本的研究结果表明，产假后使用托儿所或0岁哺乳的父母比休育婴假的父母更愿意分享有偿工作和无偿工作的时间。这些结果表明，为了促进女性的性别平等或社会进步，或者为了她们的事业，托儿所或托儿所的作用是非常重要的。此外，这种作用也体现在托儿所的社会化意义上(其实这不是本研究的主题)。关于孩子成长的过程，这应该是我们未来的主题。

To pursuer sexual equality and promote women's independence, it is necessary to achieve the equality of paid work and unpaid work between women and men. Advance in society of a woman, however, is not realized without the socialization of nursing. It is concerned deeply with the way of the nursery and day-care center.This research and study try to become clear the situation of paid work and unpaid work, through the actual states of life hours of working fathers and mothers who send their children to nursery in Japan, Sweden, England and America. As the result of this research and study, in any of these countries fathers spend more time for their paid work than mothers do. In short, in any of these countries mothers spend more time for their unpaid work as the result. And mothers acquire more child-care leaves than fathers in these countries, even in Sweden that has "Papa's day". In these countries it learns to mother's acquisition of child-care leaves.Then, it is the same tendency that mothers' unpaid work in creases after acquisition of child-care leaves. But the research result in Japan remarkably shows that parents who use nursery after maternity leaves or 0 year-old nursing, are more equal to share their time for paid work and unpaid work than parents who have child-care leaves.These results tell that to promote sexual equality or advance in society of women or to build up their career, the role of nursery or day-care center for very young children is important. Besides the role is also seen in the socialization's meaning of nursery (actually it is not this research theme though.) on the process of child grown-up, and this should be our future subject.