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Analysis of the life structure by the life hour research and study of the day-care center and nursery system

通过日托中心和托儿所系统的生命时数研究分析生命结构

基本信息

批准号：
12572002
负责人：
NAKATA Teruko
金额：
$ 6.78万
依托单位：
DOHO University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12572002/
关键词：
paid work unpaid work life hour nursery system day-care center system gender life structure working system 保育制度幼稚園フェミニズム

项目摘要

To pursuer sexual equality and promote women's independence, it is necessary to achieve the equality of paid work and unpaid work between women and men. Advance in society of a woman, however, is not realized without the socialization of nursing. It is concerned deeply with the way of the nursery and day-care center.This research and study try to become clear the situation of paid work and unpaid work, through the actual states of life hours of working fathers and mothers who send their children to nursery in Japan, Sweden, England and America. As the result of this research and study, in any of these countries fathers spend more time for their paid work than mothers do. In short, in any of these countries mothers spend more time for their unpaid work as the result. And mothers acquire more child-care leaves than fathers in these countries, even in Sweden that has "Papa's day". In these countries it learns to mother's acquisition of child-care leaves.Then, it is the same tendency that mothers' unpaid work in creases after acquisition of child-care leaves. But the research result in Japan remarkably shows that parents who use nursery after maternity leaves or 0 year-old nursing, are more equal to share their time for paid work and unpaid work than parents who have child-care leaves.These results tell that to promote sexual equality or advance in society of women or to build up their career, the role of nursery or day-care center for very young children is important. Besides the role is also seen in the socialization's meaning of nursery (actually it is not this research theme though.) on the process of child grown-up, and this should be our future subject.

要追求男女平等，促进妇女的独立，就必须实现男女有酬劳动和无酬劳动的平等。然而，如果没有护理的社会化，妇女的社会进步就无法实现。本研究通过对日本、瑞典、英国、美国等国送孩子上托儿所的在职父亲和母亲的生活时间的实际状况进行调查，试图弄清有酬工作和无酬工作的状况。这项调查和研究的结果是，在上述任何一个国家，父亲花在有酬工作上的时间都比母亲多。简而言之，在这些国家中的任何一个国家，母亲都因此花更多的时间从事无报酬的工作。在这些国家，母亲比父亲获得更多的育儿假，甚至在瑞典也有“爸爸节”。在这些国家中，人们了解到母亲获得育儿假的情况，因此，在获得育儿假后，母亲的无酬工作增加的趋势是相同的。但是，日本的研究结果显示，在休完产假或0岁哺乳期后使用托儿所的父母，比休育儿假的父母更能平等地分担有薪工作和无薪工作的时间。这些结果表明，为了促进两性平等、提高女性的社会地位或职业发展，幼儿托儿所或日托中心的作用非常重要。此外，这一角色还体现在托儿所的社会化意义上（实际上这不是本研究的主题）。关于孩子成长的过程，这应该是我们未来的主题。