BACTERIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF GAME MEAT FROM JAPANESE WILD ANIMALS

日本野生动物野味的细菌学和遗传学评估

• 批准号: 13556047
• 负责人: ISHIGURO Naotaka
• 金额: $ 8.58万
• 依托单位: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13556047/
• 关键词: PCR; wild boar; mitochondrial DNA; deer; bacteria; haplotype; phylogeny; wild animal; 系統解析; ミトコンドリア; DNA

To investigate the phylogeographic characteristics and population structure of Japanese wild animals, especially Japanese wild boar (Sus scrofa leucomystax), Japanese deer and brown bear (Ursus arctos), a genetic method by using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and the nuclear glucosephosphate isomerase-processed pseudogene (GPIP) was developed. Bacterial tests were also used to assess bacterial contamination of geme geat from Japanese wild boars.1)Phylogeographic characteristics of Japanese wild boar : Eighteen Japanese wild boar haplotypes were detected from partial sequences of the mtDNA control region (574bp) from 450 Japanese wild boar specimens from 13 local populations on Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu islands. The Japanese wild boars were more closely related to Northeast Asian wild boar from Mongolia than to the other Asian continental S.scrofa.2)Distinguishing of pig-wild boar crossbred : Sixteen mtDNA haplotypes from 152 wild boars from Kyushu, Shikoku and Honshu Islands of Japan were distinct from the those from Asian and European domestic pigs. Five alleles of GPIP were classified into two groups : (1)alleles GPIP1,GPIP3 and GPIP3a, and (2)alleles GPIP4 and GPIP4a. An extensive genetic survey was done to distinguish the crossbred Inobuta from 60 wild boars from Kyushu Island. Some game meat sold as Japanese wild boar is adulterated by cross-breeding between pigs and wild boars or by contamination with meat from domestic pigs or European wild boars.3)Bacterial tests : The bacterial contamination of wild boar meat was less than that of domestic pork, as determined by aerobic plate counts (APC) and coliform counts. None of the meat examined in this study was contaminated by Salmonella and E.coh O157.4)Surveillance of chronic wasting disease(CWD) in Japanese deer : None affected deer was detected from 130 deer by western blot analysis.

为了研究日本野生动物，特别是日本野猪（Sus scrofa leucomystax）、日本鹿和棕熊（Ursus arctos）的系统发育地理特征和种群结构，开发了一种利用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）单倍型和核葡萄糖磷酸异构酶处理假基因（GPIP）的遗传方法。还通过细菌测试评估了日本野猪基因组的细菌污染情况。 1）日本野猪的谱系地理学特征：从本州、四国和九州岛13个当地种群的450份日本野猪标本的mtDNA控制区（574bp）部分序列中检测到18个日本野猪单倍型。日本野猪与蒙古东北亚野猪的亲缘关系比与其他亚洲大陆野猪的亲缘关系更为密切。2)猪与野猪杂交的区分:来自日本九州、四国和本州群岛的152头野猪的16个mtDNA单倍型与亚洲和欧洲家猪的mtDNA单倍型不同。 GPIP的5个等位基因分为两组：(1)等位基因GPIP1、GPIP3和GPIP3a，以及(2)等位基因GPIP4和GPIP4a。为了将杂交猪猪与来自九州岛的 60 头野猪区分开来，进行了广泛的基因调查。一些作为日本野猪出售的野味肉是通过猪与野猪之间的杂交或被家猪或欧洲野猪的肉污染而掺假的。 3）细菌检测：根据需氧菌落总数（APC）和大肠菌群计数测定，野猪肉的细菌污染程度低于家猪肉。本研究中检查的肉均未受到沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌 O157 的污染。4) 日本鹿慢性消耗性疾病 (CWD) 的监测：通过蛋白质印迹分析，130 只鹿中未检测到受影响的鹿。

项目成果

Naohiko Okumura: "Genetic relationship amongst the major non-coding regions of mitochondrial DNAs in wild boars and several breeds of domesticated pigs"Animal Genetics. 32. 139-147 (2001)

Naohiko Okumura：“野猪和几种家猪线粒体 DNA 主要非编码区之间的遗传关系”动物遗传学。

Tamako Matsuhashi: "Phylogenetic relationship among worldwide populations of the brown bear Ursus arctos."Zoological Science. 18. 1137-1143 (2001)

Tamako Matsuhashi：“全球棕熊 Ursus arctos 种群之间的系统发育关系。”动物学。

Watanobe Takuma: "Phylogeography and population structure of the Japanese wild boar Susscrofa leucomystax : mitochondrial DNA variation."Zoological Science. 20. 1477-1489 (2003)

Watanobe Takuma：“日本野猪 Susscrofa leucomystax 的系统发育地理学和种群结构：线粒体 DNA 变异。”动物学。

上田 剛平: "島根県における狩猟の実態と狩猟者の意識"Wildlife conservation Japan. 9・1. 1-15 (2004)

上田刚平：“岛根县狩猎的现状和狩猎者的意识”野生动物保护日本9・1（2004）。

Naotaka Ishiguro: "A genetic method to distinguish crossbred and inobuta from Japanese wild boar."Zoological Science. 19. 1313-1319 (2002)

Naotaka Ishiguro：“一种区分杂交猪和日本野猪的遗传方法。”动物学。