A new exercise training program for the elderly by developing a novel handy calorie meter and an IT network system after the determination of human genome sequences.

本研究的目的是通过开发一种新型的便携式卡路里测量仪和IT网络，开发一种可应用于数千名老年人的运动训练计划，并建立动物模型，从遗传背景调查对该计划的个体不同反应。本研究的主要内容如下：1）热量测量仪的研制：我们成功地研制了一种新型的便携式热量测量仪，可以精确地测量步行强度以上的运动过程中的能量消耗。2）运用信息技术网络开发适合个体的运动训练方案：对200名老年志愿者进行了运动训练后，最大有氧功率（VO_2，max）估计值提高了10 - 20%，以60 - 70%VO_2，max的速度进行步行训练后，最大有氧功率（VO_2，max）估计值提高了10-20%，以60- 70%VO_2，max的速度进行步行训练后，最大有氧功率（VO_2，max）估计值提高了10-20%，以60- 70%VO_2，max的速度进行步行训练后，最大有氧功率（VO_2，max）估计值提高了10-20%，以60- 70%VO_2，max的速度进行步行训练后，最大有氧功率（VO_2，max）估计值提高了10 - 20%。 关于我们 >，30分钟/天，3天/周，6个月。用热量表记录训练期间的个体能量消耗。数据通过终端计算机以给定的时间间隔传输到主机，相反，训练对血液化学物质、血压和身体素质的影响以反馈的方式发送到个体的终端计算机。通过这个系统，即使没有足够数量的体育锻炼设施或教练员，也可以让数千名老年人参加这个项目。3）开发动物模型来发现对体育锻炼反应良好的基因：我们开发了动物模型来发现对体育锻炼反应良好的基因。例如，我们研究了钙调蛋白在动脉压调节中的作用。已知钙调蛋白是血管平滑肌中与α-肾上腺素能血管收缩相关的介质。我们发现，在钙调蛋白基因敲除的小鼠中，动脉压调节受损，基因缺乏钙调蛋白。它们不能像对照组小鼠那样以高强度奔跑。此外，我们发现，在CRY（产生昼夜活动节律的关键基因）双敲除小鼠中，动脉压调节受损，因为α-肾上腺素能受体不表达。在血管平滑肌中。这些发现填补了分子生物学与系统生理学之间的差距。通过引入上述系统，我们将能够将这些扩展到人类研究。少

The purpose of the present project was to develop a exercise training program which can be applied to over several thousands elderly people by developing a novel handy calorie meter and an IT network, and moreover, to establish animal models to investigate individually different responses to the program from genetic background. Summary of the project is as follows,1)The development of a calorie meter :We successfully developed a novel handy calorie meter to measure energy expenditure precisely during exercise above the intensity of walking. Moreover, we are able to estimate muscle strength of the thigh by measuring acceleration in the 3 dimensions : fore back, right-left, and up-down, during walking at the maxial speed.2)The development of exercise training program suitable for individuals by IT network :We confirmed in 200 elderly voluanteers that estimated maximal aerobic power (VO_<2,max>) increased by 10-20% after the training regimen ; walking at the high speed of 60-70% VO_<2,max … More >, 3Omin/ day, 3 day/week, for 6 months. The individual enegy expenditure during the training period was recorded by the calorie meter. The data were transferred to a host computer through terminal computers at a given interval, and inversely, the effects by the training on blood chemicals, blood pressure, and physical fitness were sent to the teriminal computer for the individuals in a feed back manner. By this system, several thousands of elderly people will be able to participate the program even though there are riot satisfactory number of facilities for physical training or trainers.3)The development of animal models to discover the genes well responding to physical training :We developed animal models to discover the gene well responding to physical training. For example, we investigated the role of calponin in arterial pressure regulation. Calponin is known to be a mediator in the vascular smooth muscle associating with α-adrenergic vasoconstriction. We found that arterial pressure regulation was impaired in the calponin knockout mice, genetically deficient of calponin, and that. they were not able to run at the high intensity as control mice. Moreover, we found that arterial pressure regulation was impaired in CRY, a key gene to generate circadian rhythm of activity, double knockout mice since α-adrenergic receptors were not expressed. in the vascular smooth muscles. These are promising findings to fill the gap between molecular bilogy and system physiology. We will be able to extend these to human studies by introducing the system stated above. Less