Mechanical Stress-Loading on Cellular Responses of Vascular Cell Types

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This study was conducted to study the responses of cells exposed to mechanical stress fild, which include orientation and elongation of adhered cells on 2-dimensional substrate in vitro and morphogenesis and tissue formation of vascular wall in vivo under continuously loaded mechanical stress fields.Upon continuous cyclic distension of adhered cells, cells oriented parallel to the direction of distension with loading time of mechanical stress. On the other hand, hybrid vascular grafts prepared using vascular cell types (endothelial cell ; EC,smooth muscle cell ; SMC and fibroblast ; FC) underwent to remodel themselves upon implantation. ECs highly elongated to the direction of flow, whereas SMCs are circumferentially oriented. Extracellular matrix (ECM) polymers secreted by cells underwent self-assembling and organized to form fiber formation with time. These ECM polymers include collagen and elastin. The former constructed a network of fiber highly oriented circumfererfially, and th later formed a layred honey-comb structure. Thus, sellular and macromolecular orientation proceeded in time to restore vital structure and function of neoarterial vessels.