高齢ドライバーのための「メタ認知教育」支援システムの確立

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According to the hierarchy model on drivers behavior developed by Keskinen, the training which inclines toward driving skill tends to lead drivers to unsafe behavior. It is because skill training sometimes produces drivers' over confidence. We have been developing a new training method for older drivers safety on hazard perception by using CAI system. Drivers are asked to find hazards in various traffic scenes shown on computer display. Before this diagnostic testing the trainer ask drivers to fill the questionnaire, I.e., drivers have to evaluate their hazard perceptual ability on several traffic situation, e.g., intersections, crowded roads and so on. The same kind of questionnaire is given to them after small group discussion on hazard perceptual ability. They are again asked to evaluate their hazard perceptual ability thinking the test results and the discussion. Although most drivers evaluate themselves better than others in the beginning, they changed their evaluation less than others after looking at the test results and having a discussion. This is an important point from the view point of safety. Drivers usually have a tendency of "optimism bias" ; they think of themselves better than others. This consciousness leads drivers to unsafe behavior. "Mirroring Method" which was developed by Mikkonen is useful for training meta cognitive ability. In this training trainees are not forced to do this or that. Trainees only can look at their own behavioral facts and think of their safety by themselves. We adapted this Mirroring Method for older drivers. We can expect that our new method can be quite useful and become one of the main training methods in the near future for safety training.