The Study on Analysis of Urban Growth in Terms of Financial Functions in Japan

本文旨在厘清日本金融功能龙头城市的发展机制。综上所述，我们可以将本研究的主要观点总结如下。一方面，在由都市圈的大型核心城市和第二中心城市、区域中心城市、州府城市和地方中心城市组成的主导城市群中，也存在着等级结构。此外，如果考虑资金流，这个群体可以被定义为一个城市系统。此外，从金融功能和城市发展的角度来看，1960年的全国城市体系呈现出东京和大阪的两极结构。但自1970年以来，随着名古屋都市的发展，这种结构发生了转变，形成了一种三极结构。因此，金融功能自然而然地影响着都市圈的转型。在都市圈城市化进程中，随着郊区化的推进，郊区化城市的金融存款首先增加。然后，由于郊区城市的自治性，第二阶段的贷款额增加，贷存比上升。但与人口郊区化相比，金融职能郊区化呈现滞后趋势。第四，金融功能也受到国民经济的影响。在1960年至1990年的经济繁荣时期，存贷比在全国范围内呈平缓分布。但是，在1997年的萧条年，资金集中到东京都地区，一杆结构得到加强。第五，由于金融贷款职能与经济核心职能（如总行职能）之间存在着密切的关系，金融贷款职能在一些有限的大城市、区域性城市或地方中心城市内呈现集中分布。因此，东京在金融贷款功能方面一直保持较高的地位。第六点，从人口、金融存贷款三个指标对城市发展的分析结果来看，金融存贷款集中度比人口集中度更密集。因此，我们可以理解金融功能对城市发展分析的重要性。最后一点，我们在以往的研究中发现，在经济萧条时期，金融贷款功能总是集中在一些有限的城市。在本研究中，我们发现在1997年经济萧条时期，东京地区也存在同样的金融存款集中化趋势。少

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the development mechanism of leading cities in terms of financial functions in Japan. In conclusion, we can summarize the main points that have been made in this research as follows.For one thing, in the group of leading cities being composed of the large core cities and second central cities of metropolitan regions, regional central cities, prefectural capital cities and local central cities, there also exists a hierarchical structure. Furthermore, this group can be defined as an urban system if we take the funds flow into account.What is more, the national urban system presented two-pole-structure of Tokyo and Osaka in 1960 from the viewpoints of both financial function and urban growth. But since 1970, the structure transformed and a kind of three-pole-structure has been established with the background of the growth of Nagoya Metropolitan.Then, as a matter of course, the financial functions affect the transformation of metropolitan region. On … More the urbanization process of metropolitan region, with the proceeding of suburbanization, the financial deposit of suburban cities increases firstly. Then, as a result of autonomy of suburban cities, amount of loan grows up on the second step, and the rate of loan to deposit rises. But, compared with the suburbanization of population, the suburbanization of financial functions presented a lagging trend.Fourthly, the financial functions are also affected by the national economy. In the economic boom period of 1960 to 90, the rate of loan to deposit presented a nationwide flat distribution. But, in the depression year of 1997, funds were gathered to Tokyo Metropolitan region, and the one-pole-structure was intensified.Fifthly, by the reason of the existence of the close relationship between financial loan function and economic nucleus functions (such as the head office function), the financial loan function shows a concentrated distribution within some limited large cities, regional cities or local central cities. Therefore, Tokyo has been keeping a higher situation on the aspect of financial loan function.On the sixth point, as a result of the analysis of urban development by the 3 indicators of population, financial deposit and loan, the concentration of financial deposit and loan is more intensive than that of population. Thus, we can understand how importantly the financial functions act for the analysis of urban development.One final point is that, we found in previous researches that the financial loan functions always concentrated in some limited cities in the economic depression period. And in this research, we found the same concentration trend of financial deposit also exited within Tokyo in the depression period of 1997. Less