New Developments of Economic Reforms in the soviet Union and East-European Countries

苏联和东欧国家经济改革的新进展

• 批准号: 01530024
• 负责人: NISHIMURA Yoshiaki
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Economic Research
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01530024/
• 关键词: Perestroika; Economic reform; Centralized system; Market economy; Socialism; The Soviet Union; Commonwealth of independent countries; Eastern Europe; 分権制; 東欧経済; ソ連経済; 社会主義の全般的危機

I have concentrated myself on summarizing experiences of transition to market economies initiated earnestly one year ago in the East-European countries, and analyzing the collapse of the Soviet Union, while paying attention to the fact that the research project will come to an end in this fiscal year.As for the East-European countries, I have analyzed the actual situation that the radical marketization policies advised by IMF on the basis of economic liberalism has been dealing a serious blow to their industries. I emphasized that it must be reconsidered how to involve the former socialist economies into the Breton Woods system, and that it is urgently necessary to work out alternative policies for the so-called shock therapy. I have also groped for those policies. I pointed out a danger that the application of the radical economic liberalism without consideration of concrete conditions in the countries may bring about serious economic and social conflicts.As concerns the Soviet Union, I noted in July 1991, by the detailed analysis of marketization programs published in the first half of 1990, that the government had come to a deadlock on its way to a market economy since the autumn of 1990. And I asserted that trying to break through the situation led to the August coup, whose essence consists in the republics' achievement of independence and a collapse of the soviet Union.I proposed "initial conditions of marketization in the former socialist economies" as a framework of analyzing the problems of moves to market economies, which attracted attention of researchers and officials concerned.

我集中精力总结了一年前东欧国家认真开展的向市场经济过渡的经验，分析了苏联的解体，同时注意到研究项目将在本财政年度结束。分析了国际货币基金组织基于经济自由主义的激进市场化政策对这些国家产业造成严重打击的实际情况。我强调，必须重新考虑如何把前社会主义经济纳入布雷东伍兹体系，而且迫切需要为所谓的休克疗法制定替代政策。这些政策我也是摸索出来的。我指出了一个危险，即不考虑各国具体情况而应用激进的经济自由主义可能会带来严重的经济和社会冲突。关于苏联，我在1991年7月指出，通过对1990年上半年发表的市场化方案的详细分析，自1990年秋季以来，政府在走向市场经济的道路上陷入僵局。我断言，试图打破这种局面导致了八月政变，其实质是各共和国的独立和苏联的解体。我提出了“前社会主义经济体市场化的初始条件”，作为分析向市场经济过渡问题的框架，引起了有关研究人员和官员的注意。

项目成果

Yoshiake NISHIMURA: "The Present Situation of the Transition to the Market Economy in the Soviet Union and the East European Countries" Development Strategies for the 21th Century. 292-297 (1992)

西村义明：《苏联和东欧国家向市场经济转型的现状》21世纪发展战略。

Yoshiake NISHIMURA: "Marketization of the Former Socialist Economies and Transformation of the Economic Systems" Transition to Market Economies and Transformation of Economic Systems. 1-58 (1992)

Yoshiake NISHIMURA：“前社会主义经济的市场化和经济体系的转型”向市场经济的转变和经济体系的转型。

Yoshiake NISHIMURA: "The Shift to Market Economies in Eastern Europe" Japan Review of International Affairs. 6, No. 1. (1992)

Yoshiake NISHIMURA：“东欧向市场经济的转变”《日本国际事务评论》。

Yoshiake NISHIMURA: "Programs of Transition to a Market Economy in the Soviet Union" The Economic Review. 42. 261-275 (1991)

Yoshiake NISHIMURA：“苏联向市场经济转型的计划”经济评论。

西村 可明: "The present situation of the Transition to the market economy in the Souiet Union and the EastーEuropean Countries" Development Strategier for the 2lst Centnry (Institute of Develeping Economies). 292-297 (1992)

Yoshiaki Nishimura：“苏联和东欧国家向市场经济转型的现状”《第二世纪发展战略》（发展中经济研究所）292-297（1992）。