Totally implantable artificial heart & its hemocompatibility

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Present problems in the development of totally implantable total artificial heart were discussed especially focusing on the antithrombogenesity. In the national cardiovascular center, electrohydraulic type total artificial heart is under development. The merit of this system is that both ventricles can be separately implanted. However, energy loss to reverse the motor rotation is a problem to be solved in this system. To promote the antithrombogenesity of the pump, a novel surface process technology based on surface photoreactive chemistry is also under development. In the university of Tokyo, a unique total artificial heart is under development. This system is composed of a single centrifugal pump (CFP) and two three-way valves. One port of each three-way valve is connected to the inlet and outlet of a CFP, respectively. The other two ports of each valve are connected to the right and left atrium, p ulmonary artery and aorta. The CFP can perfuse the pulmonary and systemic circulation alternately with pulsatile flow by switching the two three-way valves. Blood mixture in the CFP and antithrombogenesity are problems in this system. In Seoul national university, a moving-actuator type total artificial heart is under development. Animal survived for 100 hours with this system. Polymer surface modification with endothelial cells and proteolytic enzyme is being examined to promote antithrombogenesity.