The Characteristics Analyzes of Marine Fire Spread Phenomena and an Evaluation Method for the Fire Protection Systems of the Light Weight Vessels

船舶发生自燃火灾时，必须保证有足够的时间安全撤离船上人员和船员进行灭火活动。必须开发防火设计，以充分照顾到数量不断增加的轻型船舶的要求，例如由铝合金制成的高速船，这些船在暴露于船用电池火灾的高温下很容易发生破裂。应立即确定这种设计的性能评估，特别强调防火隔墙、舱壁和天花板的设计是否完美。(1)利用给出燃烧特性的数学模型，研究了轻型容器隔板和构件破裂和破洞增强的小室火灾蔓延现象的阈值条件和特征。通过数值计算结果，明确了火灾蔓延临界条件与构件断裂点、防火保温材料厚度、火灾荷载等控制因素之间的关系。(2)运用管理工程技术，将模糊测度法应用于优选准则，提出了消防系统选择的评价方法。第一种评价方法对被评价的优点的替代项进行判断，第二种评价方法选择缺点最少的方案。

In the event of a spontaneous outbread of fire in a ship, it is necessary to secure sufficient time for the safe evacuation of the personnel on board and for the crew to engage in fire extinguishing activities. Fire spread prevention designs are to be developed to sufficiently take care of the requirements of an ever increasing number of light weight vessels, such as high speed crafts made by aluminum alloys, which are highly prone to develop ruptures when exposed to the high temperature of marine cell fire. The performance assessment of such designs should be settled down immediately, with special emphasis on the faultless design of fire preventive partitions, bulkheads and ceilings.(1) We make an investigation of the threshold conditions and characteristics of the problem of the spread phenomena of cell fires enhanced by ruptures and holes broke open on the partitions and structural members on light weight vessels by using a mathematical model which gives the combustion characteristics. The relationships between the critical fire spread conditions and the governing factors which are, the point of rupture of structural member, the thickness of the fire preventive insulation and the fire load, are clarified through the results of the numerical calculations.(2) An evaluation method for the choice of fire protection systems is proposed through the technique of management engineering applying the fuzzy measure to a preference criterion developed. The first method of evaluation makes a judgment on the substitutive items of their good points under evaluation and the second method of evaluation chooses the plan that has the least number of weak points.