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The Establishment of a Dynamic Simulation on the Impucts of Oil Split Accidents on Coastal Ecosystem

油分流事故对海岸带生态系统影响动态模拟的建立

基本信息

批准号：
12450407
负责人：
FUKUCHI Nobuyoshi
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12450407/
关键词：
Oil pollution Coastal ecosystem Enclosed bay Dynamic simulation Governing factors kind of split oil Quantity of oil oil gathering 油種油量海洋油汚染動態分析法内湾の油拡散蒸発・乳化・分解・回収フローダイアグラム油膜の光透過率数値シミュレーション

项目摘要

Oil pollution by the oil split accident, such as ship collision, running aground and awkward cargo handling of oil tanker, may apt to cause the damage of the ecological system, in addition to get the local community into socio-economic trouble. Especially, the serious effect upon ecosystem has a tendency to extend over a long period of time, according to the extent of oil pollution that depends on taking the suitable measures to prevent from spreading and to gather the split oil. Thus, the countermeasures should be taken to cope with the impact of oil pollution that is related to the influence on the coastal ecosystem. Accordingly, the relation between the degree of oil pollution and the coastal ecosystem has to be clarified by taking some appropriate step.For this purpose, an analytical model on the coastal ecosystem was established by using the way of System Dynamic in which phytoplankton, zooplankton, nekton, detritus and dissolved oxygen are assumed to be governing factors in this environmental problem. And a numerical simulation on coastal ecosystem in an enclosed area of Hiroshima bay was carried out in varying the quantity and kind of spilt oil, the season of outbreak of accident, the oil gathering quantity. From the calculated results, the impacts of oil pollution on coastal ecosystem can be grasped considerably.

船舶碰撞、搁浅、油轮装卸困难等油液分离事故造成的油液污染，除了给当地社会带来社会经济问题外，还容易造成生态系统的破坏。特别是，根据石油污染的程度，对生态系统的严重影响有长期延续的趋势，这取决于采取适当的措施来防止扩散和收集分离的石油。因此，应采取措施科普石油污染对海岸带生态系统的影响。为此，以浮游植物、浮游动物、游泳动物、碎屑物和溶解氧为控制因子，采用系统动力学方法，建立了近岸生态系统分析模型。并对广岛湾围隔海域的海岸生态系统在不同溢油量、溢油种类、溢油事故发生季节、溢油收集量等条件下进行了数值模拟。从计算结果可以较好地把握石油污染对海岸带生态系统的影响。