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A Study of Safe Evacuation Methods Considering Human Factor in the Event of a Ship Fire

船舶火灾时考虑人为因素的安全疏散方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
08455474
负责人：
FUKUCHI Nobuyoshi
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08455474/
关键词：
Marine fire Safe evacuation Human factor Smoke diffusion Simulation Smoke control Walking speed Abnormal action フィールドモデル火災伝播避難行動

项目摘要

The development of system reliability analysis of marine accidents originating from human error is regarded as being of major importance in recent years. This study presents an analytical method for the estimation of the risk evaluation of accidents during the functional design of marine systems.In the event of a ship fire, the intricacies of the fire spread phenomena and the accompanying human factor render the safety measures to be all the more difficult to establish. Fire smoke spreads rapidly and the smoke diffusion is apt to be dangerous even for persons away from the area of outbreak of the fire. Thus, for an estimation of an evacuation system is necessary to include the unexpected factors such as the ambiguity of human behavioral patterns, the reliability of a safe evacuation system is to be considered very carefully. However, there are no existing criteria to evaluate the safety of evacuation and the efficiency of smoke proof and smoke control systems, which were grasped those behaviors so far by simulations of smoke diffusion and evacuation considering human factor.This study defines a measure of risk due to smoke diffusion in the evacuation routes using a simultaneous simulation of smoke diffusion and evacuation. This risk index is compared between various safety systems and its validity is confirmed using model of a living space and common space in a typical cruise ship.

近年来，人为失误引起的船舶事故的系统可靠性分析的发展被认为是非常重要的。本研究提出了一种分析方法，用于船舶系统功能设计过程中的事故风险评估。在船舶火灾事件中，火灾蔓延现象的复杂性和伴随的人为因素使得安全措施更加难以建立。火灾烟气蔓延迅速，即使远离火灾发生区域，烟气扩散也容易造成危险。因此，对于疏散系统的估计是必要的，包括意外的因素，如人类行为模式的模糊性，安全疏散系统的可靠性是非常仔细地考虑。然而，目前还没有现有的标准来评估疏散的安全性和防烟和防烟系统的效率，这些行为是通过模拟烟雾扩散和疏散考虑到人的因素，本研究定义了一个衡量的风险，由于烟雾扩散的疏散路线使用的同时模拟烟雾扩散和疏散。该风险指数在各种安全系统之间进行了比较，并使用典型游轮中的生活空间和公共空间模型来确认其有效性。