Antiparasitic Agents from Wild Primate Medicinal Plants

野生黑猩猩使用的几种药用植物最近被报道。黑猩猩对这些植物最可能的用途之一是控制与寄生虫有关的疾病。因此，这些植物将是有前途的抗寄生虫剂的来源。Nishida和霍夫曼通过对坦桑尼亚Mahale山国家公园黑猩猩取食行为的长期观察，新筛选出10种可能为黑猩猩所用的药用植物。经多次抗寄生虫活性试验，Phillipson和Ohigashi测定了刺桐、绒毛风柴和美洲木的提取物的杀疟原虫活性。深海艾美耳球虫也显示出有效的杀阿米巴活性。Balansard和Kawanaka在C.molle和Aspilia mossambicensis中发现了杀滴虫活性。抗染色体活性为 关于我们 如Kawanaka的E.adyssinica、C.molle、A.mossambicensis、Lippia plicata的提取物中所示。Ohigashi和Koshimizu对扁桃斑鸠菊的抗寄生活性成分进行了进一步的研究，并从化学上鉴定了新的活性甾体化合物。它们的抗寄生虫活性比以前分离的相关类固醇葡萄糖苷更有效。在研究期间，Ohigashi拜访了伦敦大学的D.Phillipson博士，检查杀疟原虫和杀阿米巴活性。川中博士与马赛大学的G.巴兰萨尔博士一起测试了杀滴虫和杀利什曼原虫的活性。Kawanaka在土耳其Izumir举行的第八届寄生虫协会国际大会上介绍了他的研究。在Cogress，他获得了新的抗寄生虫测定方法的宝贵信息。我们还邀请了Balansard博士的副教授R.Elias博士，在11月3日至12日期间进行了抗β-内酰胺酶活性的合作试验。少

Several medicinal plants used by chimpanzee in the wild have recently been reported. One of the most possible uses of these plants by chimpanzee is suggested to control parasite-related diseases. Hence, Such plants would be promising souces of antiparasitic agents. The aim of this study is to examine antiparasitic potentiality of the chimpanzee medicinal plants, and to identify chemically the active constituents.Based on the long-term observation of chimpanzees' feeding behavior at the Mahale Mountain National Park, Tanzania, Nishida and Huffman newly selected ten species of possible medicinal plants used by chimpanzee. After several antiparasitic activity tests, plasmodicidal activities tested by Phillipson and Ohigashi were found in the extracts of Erythrina abyssinica, Combretum molle and Ximenia americana..E.abyssinica also showed potent amoebicidal activity. Balansard and Kawanaka found trichomonocidal activity in C.molle and Aspilia mossambicensis. Antischistosomal activities wer … More e shown in the extracts of E.adyssinica, C.molle, A.mossambicensis, Lippia plicata by Kawanaka. It is, thus, suggested that the most chimpanzee medicinal plants contain antiparasitic constituents.Ohigashi and Koshimizu have been explored further antiparasitic constituents of Vernonia amygdalina, and chemically identified new active sterois. Their antiparasitic activities were more potent than the related steroid glucosides isolated previously.During the study term, Ohigashi visited Dr.D.Phillipson of the London Unoversity to examine plasmodicidal and amoebicidal activities. Dr.Kawanaka tested trichomonocidal and leishmanicidal activities with Dr.G.Balansard at the University of Marseille. Kawanaka presented his study at eht 8th International Congress of Parasite Association held at Izumir, Turkey. At the Cogress, he obtained valuable information on new antiparasitic assay methods. We also invited Dr.R.Elias, an Associate Professor under Dr.Balansard, during November 3rd-12th to carry out co-operative tests for antischistosomal activities. Less